ArticleJournal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV2026
Clinical heterogeneity in vitiligo: Identification of clinical markers based patient clusters.
Article in Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical heterogeneity in vitiligo: Identification of clinical markers based patient clusters.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Article
- Oxidative stress in refractory and recurrent vitiligo: from immune amplification mechanisms to potential stratified antioxidant combination therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundVitiligo (non-segmental) is a chronic autoimmune skin disease leading to white patches. Although vitiligo has been delineated previously, the endophenotypes of the disease are still to be defined.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate, without prior hypotheses, whether different clinical phenotypes of vitiligo could be identified and differ based on their demographic and clinical characteristics.
methodsThis retrospective, non-interventional, single-centre study included patients with vitiligo. Demographic and clinical characteristics of vitiligo were recorded. Hierarchical cluster analysis was then performed.
resultsA total of 399 patients were included. The cluster analysis classified the patients into five clusters as follows: (1) 'highly active patients' with elevated frequency of disease activity signs, receiving combinatorial topical and systemic therapy; (2) mild vitiligo patients with younger patients, low surface area involved and absence of signs of disease activity; (3) extensive vitiligo patients, with older patients and the largest surface area involved; (4) and (5) mild or moderate to severe disease, with localization of the lesions on site of chronic skin friction (type 2A koebner phenomenon).
conclusionsPatients with vitiligo can be classified into five phenotypes, with two defining the highly active and extensive patients.
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