Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40485142›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2025

Deep learning-based prospective slice tracking for continuous catheter visualization during MRI-guided cardiac catheterization.

Alexander Paul Neofytou, Grzegorz Kowalik, Rohini Vidya Shankar, Karl Kunze, Tracy Moon, Nina Mellor, Radhouene Neji, Reza Razavi, Kuberan Pushparajah, Sébastien Roujol

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Alexander Paul NeofytouSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8488-3925
Grzegorz KowalikSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Rohini Vidya ShankarSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Karl KunzeSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Tracy MoonDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK.
Nina MellorDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK.
Radhouene NejiSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Reza RazaviSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Kuberan PushparajahSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Sébastien RoujolSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7146-0552

Funding

British Heart Foundation (BHF) PG/19/11/34243British Heart Foundation (BHF) PG/21/10539Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/R010935/1EPSRC Doctoral Training Partnership EP/R513064/1Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service (NHS)King's College LondonNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research CentreSiemens HealthineersWellcome EPSRC Centre for Medical Engineering at King's College London WT 203148/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis proof-of-concept study introduces a novel, deep learning-based, parameter-free, automatic slice-tracking technique for continuous catheter tracking and visualization during MR-guided cardiac catheterization.

methodsThe proposed sequence includes Calibration and Runtime modes. Initially, Calibration mode identifies the catheter tip's three-dimensional coordinates using a fixed stack of contiguous slices. A U-Net architecture with a ResNet-34 encoder is used to identify the catheter tip location. Once identified, the sequence then switches to Runtime mode, dynamically acquiring three contiguous slices automatically centered on the catheter tip. The catheter location is estimated from each Runtime stack using the same network and fed back to the sequence, enabling prospective slice tracking to keep the catheter in the central slice. If the catheter remains unidentified over several dynamics, the sequence reverts to Calibration mode. This artificial intelligence (AI)-based approach was evaluated prospectively in a three-dimensional-printed heart phantom and 3 patients undergoing MR-guided cardiac catheterization. This technique was also compared retrospectively in 2 patients with a previous non-AI automatic tracking method relying on operator-defined parameters.

resultsIn the phantom study, the tracking framework achieved 100% accuracy/sensitivity/specificity in both modes. Across all patients, the average accuracy/sensitivity/specificity were 100 ± 0/100 ± 0/100 ± 0% (Calibration) and 98.4 ± 0.8/94.1 ± 2.9/100.0 ± 0.0% (Runtime). The parametric, non-AI technique and the proposed parameter-free AI-based framework yielded identical accuracy (100%) in Calibration mode and similar accuracy range in Runtime mode (Patients 1 and 2: 100%-97%, and 100%-98%, respectively).

conclusionAn AI-based prospective slice-tracking framework was developed for real-time, parameter-free, operator-independent, automatic tracking of gadolinium-filled balloon catheters. Its feasibility was successfully demonstrated in patients undergoing MRI-guided cardiac catheterization.

Indexed as

Cardiac CatheterizationDeep LearningImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetic Resonance Imaging, InterventionalAlgorithmsCalibrationHeartHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalPhantoms, ImagingProspective Studiescardiac catheterizationdeep learningMR guidancepassive trackingreal time

Identifiers

PMID40485142
PMCPMC12309870

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.