ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine
Prevalence of Proteinuria in Dogs With Immune-Mediated Disease.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Comparative effects of syngeneic graft and xenograft blood for hemolytic anemia modeling in dogs.Open veterinary journal · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProteinuria is associated with autoimmune diseases in humans. There is minimal evidence in the veterinary literature on proteinuria and its association with immune-mediated disease in dogs. HYPOTHESIS: Renal proteinuria is common in dogs with immune-mediated disease. Dogs presenting with pyrexia or immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) are more likely to have proteinuria. ANIMALS: One hundred and forty-four dogs with primary immune-mediated diseases.
methodsRetrospective, observational study. Data collected included signalment, travel outside the United Kingdom, duration of clinical signs, diagnosis, urinalysis, and urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR). Non-proteinuric, mild proteinuria, moderate proteinuria, and severe proteinuria were defined as UPCR < 0.5; ≥ 0.5-1; ≥ 1-2; ≥ 2, respectively. Exclusion criteria included azotemia, hypoalbuminemia (< 2.0 g/dL), foreign travel, active urine sediment or positive culture, glucocorticoid therapy for greater than 24 h prior to presentation, or medication known to influence UPCR.
resultsSixty-seven dogs were non-proteinuric (47%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 38%, 55%), 25 mildly proteinuric (17%; 95% CI: 9%, 26%), 15 moderately proteinuric (10%; 95% CI: 2%, 19%), and 37 severely proteinuric (26%; 95% CI: 17%, 34%). On multiple logistic regression analysis, female dogs (odds ratio [OR]: 3.24; 95% CI: 1.49, 7.42), individuals with pyrexia (OR: 6.59; 95% CI: 3.00, 15.37), or hemoglobinuria (OR: 27.21; 95% CI: 4.79, 516.56) were more likely to have proteinuria. There was an association between steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis and the magnitude of proteinuria on multiple linear regression (p = 0.025); this was not confirmed on multiple logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Proteinuria is common in dogs with immune-mediated disease and can be severe. Screening for proteinuria could be considered part of the diagnostic assessment for dogs with immune-mediated disease.
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