Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40483473›Full record

ReviewJournal of hematology & oncology2025

Insights into next-generation immunotherapy designs and tools: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.

Hongzhuo Qin, Zhaokai Zhou, Run Shi, Yumiao Mai, Yudi Xu, Fu Peng, Guangyang Cheng, Pengpeng Zhang, Wenjie Chen, Yun Chen and 3 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of hematology & oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  8. Cytokines and cancer-associated fibroblasts.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
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  11. Cancer metabolism: bridging tumorigenesis mechanisms to treatment susceptibility.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hongzhuo Qin *Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Zhaokai Zhou *Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Run Shi *Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Yumiao Mai *Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Yudi Xu *Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Fu PengDepartment of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, West China, China.
Guangyang ChengDepartment of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
Pengpeng ZhangDepartment of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Wenjie ChenDepartment of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Yun ChenDepartment of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Yajun ChenDepartment of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Ran XuDepartment of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China. xuran@csu.edu.cn.
Qiong LuDepartment of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China. christy_luq@csu.edu.cn.

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City Kq2403094the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2024JJ5494)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the oncology treatment paradigm, and CAR-T cell therapy in particular represents a significant milestone in treating hematological malignancies. Nevertheless, tumor resistance due to target heterogeneity or mutation remains a Gordian knot for immunotherapy. This review elucidates molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of next-generation immunotherapeutic tools spanning genetically engineered immune cells, multi-specific antibodies, and cell engagers, emphasizing multi-targeting strategies to enhance personalized immunotherapy efficacy. Development of logic gate modulation-based circuits, adapter-mediated CARs, multi-specific antibodies, and cell engagers could minimize adverse effects while recognizing tumor signals. Ultimately, we highlight gene delivery, gene editing, and other technologies facilitating tailored immunotherapy, and discuss the promising prospects of artificial intelligence in gene-edited immune cells.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyNeoplasmsAnimalsGene EditingHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveAdapter CARChimeric antigen receptorGene deliveryGene editingLogic gateMulti-targets

Identifiers

PMID40483473
PMCPMC12145627

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.