ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2025
The Obesity Paradox of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.
Review in Current diabetes reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Comparative evaluation of obesity-related indices for predicting incident hypertension: evidence from Chinese and UK longitudinal cohorts with machine learning interpretation.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Coronary Syndrome: Influence of Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Review
- Explainable machine learning-driven models for predicting Parkinson's disease and its prognosis: obesity patterns associations and models development using NHANES 1999-2018 data.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe "obesity paradox" describes the counterintuitive observation that overweight and mildly obese individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) may have better outcomes than those with normal weight. This paradox is particularly intriguing in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D), where obesity is a well-established risk factor for cardiometabolic complications. RECENT
findingsEvidence from some epidemiological studies suggested an obesity paradox in mortality risk among patients with T2D. However, confounding factors may influence this association, including reverse causality, differences in risk factor profiles, and adipose tissue distribution. Recent research also questions the reliance on body mass index as an accurate measure of metabolic health, emphasizing the role of alternative anthropometric indices. This review critically evaluates the evidence for the obesity paradox in T2D, explores potential mechanistic explanations, and discusses clinical implications. Understanding the complex interaction between diabetes and obesity in CVD risk is essential for refining obesity management strategies in individuals with T2D and CVD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40481922What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.