Trial reportJournal of nutrition education and behavior2025
"What Can I Eat?" Healthy Choices for American Indian and Alaska Native Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Outcomes From a Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Trial of a Diabetes Nutrition Education Program.
Trial report in Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Diabetes Nutrition Education and A Food Security Resource for American Indian and Alaska Native Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of nutrition education and behavior · 2026Trial
- Type 5 diabetes mellitus: nutritional-imprinted β-cell insufficiency, diagnostic gaps, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Native Americans and Alaska Natives: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the "What Can I Eat?": Healthy Choices for American Indian and Alaska Native Adults With Type 2 Diabetes (AI/AN WCIE) intervention.
designPilot randomized waitlist-controlled trial. Recruitment through diabetes registries and randomized to either the immediate intervention (n = 35) or waitlist control group (n = 25). Immediate arm started classes immediately on randomization; waitlist arm started classes 3 months after randomization.
settingClasses were taught synchronously online by registered dietitian nutritionists at 5 reservation-based or urban intertribal clinical sites nationwide in 2021.
participantsAmerican Indian and Alaska Native adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 60).
interventionTopics in AI/AN WCIE classes include: the Diabetes Plate, sugar-sweetened beverages, decreasing sodium, increasing consumption of healthful traditional Native foods. Class activities included didactic sessions, hands-on interactive learning, physical activity, mindful eating, and goal setting.
main outcome measureDiabetes nutrition self-efficacy, behavior, and clinical measures. ANALYSIS: Linear mixed models examined change in outcomes from baseline to 1 month and 3 months by randomization group. By 3 months, immediate intervention participants had completed the classes; the waitlist control group had not yet begun the intervention.
resultsAfter 3 months, confidence in using the Diabetes Plate (β = 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.56-1.03], P < 0.001) and healthy nutrition behavior (β = 0.88 [95% CI, 0.57-1.19], P = 0.004) improved significantly in the immediate intervention group but not in the waitlist control group; confidence in making healthy nutrition choices (β = 0.65 [95% CI, 0.43-0.88], P = 0.02) improved significantly more in the immediate intervention group than in the waitlist control group. No significant changes were identified in clinical outcomes.
conclusionsThe AI/AN WCIE program enhanced self-efficacy and healthful nutrition choices among adults with type 2 diabetes.
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