ArticleBMC medicine2025
Circulating short-chain fatty acids and Mediterranean food patterns. A potential role for the prediction of type 2 diabetes risk: The Di@bet.es Study.
Article in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Changes in short-chain fatty acids across the glycemic spectrum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Short-chain fatty acids and type 2 diabetes: a bibliometric analysis of knowledge structure, research hotspots, and future directions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Insulin Resistance Indices and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Prediabetes: A Machine Learning-Assisted Predictive Modeling Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of miR-181a-5p and miR-1249-3p treatment on the visceral adipose tissue transcriptome of female mice.GeroScience · 2026Article
- A narrative review of dietary patterns in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Epigenetics, bacterial metabolites and type 2 diabetes: a new view of gut-genome interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Implications of gut microbiota in hepatic and pancreatic diseases: Gut-liver-pancreas axis.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids to Predict Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIdentifying nutritional patterns associated with developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) can facilitate more effective and personalized dietary interventions. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key metabolites derived from gut microbiota, are produced through the anaerobic fermentation of dietary fibers. This study aimed to evaluate whether circulating concentrations of SCFAs are associated with specific food consumption patterns and to assess their association with T2D development in at-risk subjects within a prospective cohort (The Di@bet.es Study).
methodsThe Di@bet.es study is a prospective, population-based study utilizing random cluster sampling from the Spanish population aged over 18 years (n = 5,072). Among these participants, 4,347 were free of T2D at baseline. Follow-up losses were approximately 45%, resulting in a final re-screened sample of 2,408 subjects. A qualitative food frequency questionnaire evaluated Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and high-fiber food consumption. The risk of developing T2D was assessed using the FINDRISK. Metabolomics-driven analyses of SCFAs were conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
resultsSubjects who developed T2D after a median follow-up of seven years had higher baseline circulating concentrations of butyrate and isobutyrate. Circulating concentrations of SCFAs were associated with high-fiber food consumption at baseline. In multivariate analysis, baseline circulating concentrations of butyrate and isobutyrate were independently associated with incident T2D after adjusting for traditional clinical factors. The C-statistics for predicting T2D were 0.847 (95%CI:0.816-0.877) for butyrate and 0.843 (95%CI:0.812-0.875) for isobutyrate in adjusted models, similar to the reference model based on traditional clinical factors (0.840 [95%CI: 0.807-0.873]). Both models improved risk prediction compared to FINDRISK. Dietary patterns did not add predictive value. Sensitivity analysis excluding subjects with prediabetes at baseline confirmed these results. In addition, an association between baseline consumption of high-fiber foods with incident T2D emerged, suggesting a different behaviour between healthy and prediabetic subjects.
conclusionsBaseline circulating concentrations of SCFAs are associated with high-fiber food consumption and independently predict the development of T2D over seven years of follow-up. However, they offer limited improvement in risk prediction compared to traditional risk factors, though they enhance risk prediction as assessed by FINDRISK. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the impact of dietary interventions on SCFA.
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