A Fully Automatic Pipeline of Identification, Segmentation, and Subtyping of Aortic Dissection from CT Angiography.

purposeAortic dissection (AD) is a rare condition with a high mortality rate, necessitating accurate and rapid diagnosis. This study develops an automated deep learning pipeline for identifying, segmenting, and Stanford subtyping AD using computed tomography angiography (CTA) images.

methodsThis pipeline consists of four interconnected modules: aorta segmentation, AD identification, true lumen (TL) and false lumen (FL) segmentation, and Stanford subtyping. In the aorta segmentation module, a 3D full-resolution nnU-Net is trained. The segmented aorta's boundary is extracted using morphological operations and projected from multiple views in the AD identification module. AD identification is then performed using the multi-view projection data. For AD cases, a 3D nnU-Net is further trained for TL/FL segmentation based on the segmented aorta. Finally, a network is trained for Stanford subtyping using multi-view maximum density projections of the segmented TL/FL. A total of 386 CTA scans were collected for training, validation, and testing of the pipeline.

resultsFor AD identification, the method achieved an accuracy of 0.979. The TL/FL segmentation for TypeA-AD and Type-B-AD achieved average Dice coefficient of 0.968 for TL and 0.971 for FL. For Stanford subtyping, the multi-view method achieved an accuracy of 0.990.

conclusionThe automated pipeline enables rapid and accurate identification, segmentation, and Stanford subtyping of AD using CTA images, potentially accelerating the diagnosis and treatment. The segmented aorta and TL/FL can also serve as references for physicians. The code, models, and pipeline are publicly available at https://github.com/zhuangCJ/A-pipeline-of-AD.git .