Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2025
Acute caffeine intake improves muscular strength, power, and endurance performance, reversing the time-of-day effect regardless of muscle activation level in resistance-trained males: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Caffeine Use in Sport: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Acute Side Effects and Implications for Athlete Health and Safety.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Morning Cognitive and Muscle Strength Measures in Males: A Standardized Approach.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Acute and Moderate Caffeine Doses on Sport Climbing Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Evaluating raw versus body-weight-normalized McGill core endurance composite scores in recreational weightlifters: implications for strength and functional performance.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Acute Effects of a Multi-Ingredient Preworkout Supplement on Peak Torque and Muscle Excitation During an Isokinetic Fatigue Protocol.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThis study examined the effects of acute caffeine intake on muscular electrical activity during strength, power, and endurance performance tests at different times of day in bench press and back squat exercises.
methodsThirteen resistance-trained men participated in a triple-blind, cross-over, randomized controlled trial with four conditions: (a) morning with caffeine, (b) morning with placebo, (c) evening with caffeine, and (d) evening with placebo. Trials were conducted at 9:00 AM and 6:00 PM, with participants consuming caffeine or placebo (3 mg/kg) 60 min prior. Muscular strength/power was tested at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% one-repetition maximum (1RM) for bench press and back squat, while muscular endurance was assessed at 65% 1RM through a set-to-failure. Surface electromyography (EMG) measured muscle electrical activity.
resultsIn muscular strength/power tests, caffeine increased mean velocity (V
conclusionsAcute caffeine intake enhances muscular strength/power at moderate-to-high loads (75%- 90%1RM) and endurance performance (65%1RM) in the back squat while counteracting morning declines at light-load (25%1RM) for both exercises without altering muscle electrical activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.