Article3D printing in medicine2025
Printing outsourced orthognathic surgical splints in-house: a dimensional verification process for point-of-care printing.
Article in 3D printing in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07079111 (3D Printed Occlusal Splints for Intraoperative Use), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
3D Printed Occlusal Splints for Intraoperative Use
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digitally Planned and Guide-Delivered Provisionalization for Emergence Profile Shaping in the Esthetic Zone: Clinical Outcomes and Complications in a Retrospective Single-Arm Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Guided Implant Surgery in Oral Cancer Patients: Initial Clinical Experience from an Academic Point-of-Care Manufacturing Unit.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBoth outsourcing virtual surgery planning and 3D printed splint fabrication have become the standard in the field of orthognathic surgery. In-house (IH) adaptation of these presurgical operations requires compliance with regulatory bodies when designing and manufacturing medical-grade products. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of IH 3D printed orthognathic surgical splints within a hybrid workflow for externally designed splints. MATERIALS AND
methodsAn in vitro study was conducted utilizing an outsourced (OS) orthognathic surgical splint file from a previously treated patient. The control group included the splint's original standard tessellation language (STL) file. Experimental groups included: splint (a) milled with zirconia, (b) 3D printed on a Phrozen 4 K (commercial printer), (c) 3D printed on Formlabs 3B+ (Formlabs 3B + have track record of having FDA cleared materials and workflows in dental applications and have potential materials that could be used for IH manufacturing for orthognathic splints upon further testing and FDA clearance). Surface area analysis was performed using 3-Matic (Materialise© Mimics Software) to generate root mean square (RMS) values between digital copies of the splints and their corresponding original STL files.
resultsThe RMS error in equipment processing and analysis was measured at 0.10 mm. Accounting for this error, the 3D-printed splints exhibited an average RMS of 0.20 mm for both the Formlabs 3B + and the Phrozen 4 K. No statistically significant difference was found between splints from different printers or replicas.
conclusionThis study presents a verification process for providers to verify the geometric stability and reproducibility of their IH-printed orthognathic splints (RMS 0.20 mm). Clinicians may find this study useful when crafting a regulatory-compliant process for the IH manufacturing of OS orthognathic surgery splints.
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Registered trials
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