Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40475339›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Understanding the association of calligraphy activities with flow experience, peace of mind, and self-focused attention among university students.

Jianing Wang, Kaizhi Tang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jianing WangCollege of Art and Design, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, China.
Kaizhi TangShanghai Academy of Fine Art, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Calligraphy, as a mindful practice, fosters focus, creativity, and relaxation, all of which contribute to a more peaceful mental state. For university students, regular engagement in calligraphy can help develop better coping mechanisms for academic and personal stress. This enhanced ability to manage stress can lead to improved mental well-being, greater self-awareness, and a more positive outlook, supporting their overall academic and personal development. Methods: This study employed convenience sampling and snowball sampling to select 453 university students from Hunan Province, China, in September 2024 as valid samples. AMOS v.23 was used to construct a structural equation model to validate the hypotheses. Results: The study revealed a significant positive relationship between calligraphy activities and both flow experience and peace of mind. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was observed between flow experience, peace of mind, and self-focused attention. In addition, flow experience and peace of mind were found to mediate the relationship between calligraphy activities and self-focused attention. Discussion: The findings highlight the positive role of calligraphy activities in enhancing university students' mental well-being, particularly through promoting flow experience and peace of mind. These factors not only directly benefit self-focused attention but also serve as mediators, suggesting that calligraphy can be an effective intervention for improving concentration and emotional balance. This study underscores the potential of incorporating calligraphy into student wellness programs to support both academic performance and personal development.

Indexed as

calligraphy activitiesflow experiencepeace of mindself-focused attentionuniversity students

Identifiers

PMID40475339
PMCPMC12137259

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.