Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40474199›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Physical and chemical characterization of experimental newly formulated polymer infiltrated lithium disilicate ceramic network versus polymer infiltrated feldspathic ceramic network (an in-vitro study).

Alaa Hussein, Moustafa Aboushlieb, Nour A Habib

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alaa HusseinBiomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6 University, 6th of October, Egypt. alaa.ahmad@dentistry.cu.edu.eg.
Moustafa AboushliebDental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Nour A HabibBiomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPolymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) is a hybrid dental ceramic that mimics the properties of tooth structures. Unfortunately, commercially available PICN still present limitations such as low strength. Thus, the current study was conducted to prepare polymer infiltrated lithium disilicate ceramic network (PILN) and compare it with commercially available PICN regarding microstructure and biaxial flexural strength. METHODOLOGY: A fine powder of lithium disilicate was produced by grounding

resultsThere was a statistically significant difference in biaxial flexural strength, PILN-20 recording the highest significant strength followed by PILN-25 and Enamic. PILN-25 showed higher porosity% than PILN-20 and the porosity decreased after polymer infiltration. PILN-20 showed higher density than PILN-25 and density increased after polymer infiltration. XRD revealed the presence of lithium disilicate crystals in both PILN-25 and PILN-20. SEM revealed highly interlocked ceramic and polymeric networks. FESEM revealed the presence of spherical lithium disilicate crystals.

conclusionPILN is a new type of hybrid ceramic material with enhanced mechanical properties. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: PILN can be used as a promising CAD/CAM block for creating high strength high esthetics dental restorations.

Indexed as

Aluminum SilicatesCeramicsDental PorcelainPolymersPotassium CompoundsDental Stress AnalysisFlexural StrengthIn Vitro TechniquesMaterials TestingMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningPorosityAluminum SilicatesDental PorcelainENAMICfeldsparlithia disilicatePolymersPotassium CompoundsHybrid ceramicsPICNPILNPolymer infiltrated lithium disilicate ceramics

Identifiers

PMID40474199
PMCPMC12142892

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.