Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40474188›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

What is the predictive validity of clinical placement sign-off forms for medical students?

Patrick J McGown, Molly M Nichols, Jennifer A Forshaw, Antonia Rich, David Harrison, Celia Brown, Amir H Sam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Patrick J McGownImperial College School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. pjmcgown@doctors.org.uk.
Molly M NicholsImperial College School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Jennifer A ForshawChelsea & Westminster NHS Trust, London, UK.
Antonia RichUniversity College London, London, UK.
David HarrisonUniversity College London, London, UK.
Celia BrownImperial College School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Amir H SamImperial College School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvaluation of clinical performance is essential in all medical school programmes. Students undergo multiple clinical placements in different disciplines and settings, and typically must pass an end-of-placement supervisor sign-off evaluation to progress. However, the validity of this sign-off model remains unclear. This study aims to assess the extent to which this assessment method predicts performance in summative medical school examinations.

methodsWe compared summative knowledge and clinical skills examination scores with end-of-placement supervisor sign-off ratings of ‘knowledge’, ‘clinical skills’ and ‘practical skills’ for medical undergraduate students, across three clinical placements at Imperial College London, UK (n = 355). Statistical analysis for predictive validity was performed through Ordinary Least Squares regression.

resultsEnd-of-placement supervisor ratings in hospital did not significantly predict student performance in summative knowledge tests or clinical skills assessment. ‘Knowledge’ and ‘practical skills’ ratings lacked predictive validity across all supervisors. Statistically significant predictive validity was evident for GP supervisor ratings of ‘clinical skills’ and examination scores, but the effect size was educationally insignificant (p = 0.01, r2 = 0.02).

conclusionsEnd-of-placement supervisor ratings did not demonstrate educationally significant predictive validity towards end-of-year examinations. Multi-source feedback, embedded in-placement assessment, and additional formalised supervision time in supervisors’ work schedules could be beneficial to improve the educational value for the student and the clinical placement sign-off process. Different sign-off requirements could be considered for GP and hospital settings, with tailoring of constructs to suit the clinical environment.

Indexed as

Clinical ClerkshipClinical CompetenceEducational MeasurementEducation, Medical, UndergraduateStudents, MedicalHumansLondonReproducibility of ResultsClinical assessmentCurriculum infrastructureMedical education researchUndergraduateWritten assessment

Identifiers

PMID40474188
PMCPMC12143069

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.