Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40472010›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

The effects of solar radiation modification on solar and wind resource and power generation in the Caribbean.

Matthew St Michael Williams, Leonardo A Clarke, Randy Koon Koon, Michael A Taylor, Jayaka D Campbell, Tannecia S Stephenson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Matthew St Michael WilliamsClimate Studies Group Mona (CSGM), Department of Physics, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.ORCID 0000-0002-1309-6270
Leonardo A ClarkeClimate Studies Group Mona (CSGM), Department of Physics, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.ORCID 0009-0007-7823-0964
Randy Koon KoonSchool of Engineering, College of Engineering, Environment and Science, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-1920-4137
Michael A TaylorClimate Studies Group Mona (CSGM), Department of Physics, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
Jayaka D CampbellClimate Studies Group Mona (CSGM), Department of Physics, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
Tannecia S StephensonClimate Studies Group Mona (CSGM), Department of Physics, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.

Funding

"The Degrees Initiative" through their Degrees Modelling Fund"The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus"
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The slow pace of global mitigation efforts has led to increased interest in Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) as a means for rapidly and artificially cooling the planet. Deploying SRM technologies, however, may directly alter renewable energy resources. This makes it a concern for Caribbean countries which are investing heavily in Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) to reduce their reliance on imported energy and meet climate change mitigation goals. In this study, solar irradiance output is extracted from the HadGEM2-ES global climate model run using the G4 (Stratospheric Aerosol Injection) SRM scenario from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The data is extracted for two future time periods corresponding to when global surface temperatures are projected to be [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] above pre-industrial levels using the HadGEM2-ES run under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) scenario. Wind speed data are similarly extracted but for the HadGEM2-ES run using the G4, as well as the G4cdnc and G4seasalt (Marine Cloud Brightening) GeoMIP scenarios. The solar and wind data are used to evaluate changes in solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind farm power generation in the Caribbean in future 'SRM versus non-SRM worlds'. Solar irradiance resources and PV energy generation generally decrease under SRM compared to RCP4.5. The highest modelled mean change in PV generation across the region is, however, generally small, e.g., a maximum change of [Formula: see text] for May-July for years corresponding to a [Formula: see text] world. In contrast, wind power generation under SRM compared to RCP4.5 generally show large increases which are both seasonally and SRM technology dependent. For a 67m turbine, the highest regional wind generation change was [Formula: see text] for December-February under G4cdnc in a [Formula: see text] world but [Formula: see text] under G4 in a [Formula: see text] world for the same period. For a [Formula: see text] turbine, the highest change was an increase of [Formula: see text] for August-September under G4cdnc in a [Formula: see text] world and a decrease of -4.11% for December-January under G4 in a [Formula: see text] world. Marine Cloud Brightening-based SRM scenarios (G4cdnc and G4SeaSalt) produce the most consistent spatial increases in wind power resources and generation compared to Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (G4). The findings of this study corroborate and present new findings about potential SRM induced changes on the VRE resources considered important for the Caribbean's future development. It is therefore important that the region's energy sector engage in the global discussions underway on the future use of SRM as a strategy for limiting future global warming.

Indexed as

Climate ChangeClimate ModelsGlobal WarmingRenewable EnergyAtlantic IslandsCaribbean RegionSolar EnergyTemperatureWind

Identifiers

PMID40472010
PMCPMC12140254

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.