ArticlePloS one2025
Multidimensional performance enablers of Ethiopian community-based health extension program: A scoping review.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Job performance among health professionals in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Public health reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal education and infant survival in Somaliland: a descriptive decomposition of observed survival differences across sequential adjustment models.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Mobilome-driven antimicrobial resistance in a one health context: evidence and lessons from Africa.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Motivational determinants of frontline health extension workers in East Hararge Zone, Ethiopia: implications for primary health care systems in low-resource settings.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionEthiopian Health Extension Program (HEP) aims to improve access to primary care, yet suboptimal health outcomes persist, indicating the need to optimize HEP implementation. This scoping review aims is to identify and synthesize evidence on the enabling factors that influence the Ethiopian HEP and Health Extension Workers (HEWs) performance.
methodsA comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and institutional websites. The review included studies published since January 2003, encompassing quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods researchs. The PRISMA flow diagram guideline was utilized for reporting of a review process and JBI methodology guideline was used for data extraction. Data extraction was conducted using Atlas.ti software, capturing verbatim excerpts and applying thematic coding to illustrate key findings.
resultsThis review identified key multidimensional enablers of the Ethiopian HEP that collectively enhance the program's performance. Motivational factors for HEWs play a critical role, encompassing intrinsic desires and extrinsic factors including opportunities for career growth and fair compensation. Additionally, the review identified the importance of continuous capacity building to enhance the skills of HEWs and program performance. The review also highlights the positive impact of diversifying HEP services including customizing the HEP services to the varied contexts and integrating male HEWs to enhance program reach and acceptance. Engaging communities through organized campaigns, stakeholder coordination, and leveraging local structures enable and strengthen the program's effectiveness. Finally, the availability of essential resources is crucial for HEWs to provide timely and appropriate care. These multidimensional enabling factors form pathways for HEWs and HEP to create supportive environment and capability that significantly enhances HEP performance.
conclusionsIntrinsic and extrinsic motivations, community engagement, clinical nurse inclusion, male HEWs participation, mentorship and improving living conditions of HEWs enhances the HEWs' effectiveness and program performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.