ArticleERJ open research2025
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation: prevention, diagnosis and treatment in 44 European centres.
Article in ERJ open research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Follow-Up Care after Adult Lung Transplantation: Summary of an Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline for German-Speaking Countries.Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases · 2026Guideline
- European society for organ transplantation clinical practice guideline on prevention and treatment of chronic lung allograft dysfunction.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Guideline
- Approach to prevention and management of chronic lung allograft dysfunction in North American lung transplant centers.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2026Article
- Prognostic validation of the 2019 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation chronic lung allograft dysfunction states in lung transplant recipients.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Early detection of chronic lung allograft dysfunction with spectral and intrabreath oscillometry.JHLT open · 2026Article
- Prevent or Treat? Evaluating a Delayed Treatment With Nintedanib After Murine Orthotopic Tracheal Transplantation.Transplantation direct · 2026Article
- Post-lung transplant surveillance in 2026: current practice, variability, and the need for standardization.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Review
- Azithromycin in lung transplantation: revisiting its dual role from prophylaxis to therapy.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Identification of Surrogate Outcome Biomarkers in Lung Allograft Recipients With Bronchiolitis Obliterans: Implications for Randomized Controlled Trials.Transplantation direct · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
40 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: There are limited data on optimal management of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). We aimed to describe the variability of diagnostic and therapeutic practices in Europe. Methods: A structured questionnaire was sent to 71 centres in 24 countries. Questions were related to contemporary clinical practices for workup, monitoring and treatment of CLAD. The number of lung transplant procedures and patients in follow-up were collected. Results: 44 centres (62%) responded from 20 countries, representing 74% of European activity. The prevalence of CLAD was estimated at 9.1 cases per million population (25th and 75th percentiles of 4.4, 15.7). Preferred initial workup for probable CLAD consisted of chest computed tomography (CT) (inspiratory 91% and expiratory 74%), donor-specific antibody (DSA) measurement (86%), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (85%) and transbronchial biopsy (81%). For monitoring of definite CLAD, inspiratory CT (67%), DSA (61%) and BAL (43%) were preferred. Body plethysmography was unavailable for 16% of cases. Prophylaxis was based on preventing infections (cytomegalovirus 99%, inhaled antibiotics 70% and antifungals 65%), tacrolimus-based immunosuppression (96%), azithromycin (72%) and universal proton pump inhibitor treatment (84%). First-line treatment of CLAD was based on azithromycin (82%) and steroid augmentation (74%). Photopheresis was used in 26% of cases. Conclusion: Current European practice CLAD detection is based on spirometry, inspiratory CT and DSA, with limited access to plethysmography and expiratory CT. Prophylactic treatment is based on azithromycin, tacrolimus-based immunosuppression and treatment of risk factors. No single treatment strategy is universally used, highlighting the need for an effective treatment of CLAD. The preferred first-line strategy is azithromycin and steroid augmentation.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.