ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Non-linear association between serum vitamin D and bacterial vaginosis in U.S. women: analysis from NHANES 2001-2004.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between serum vitamin D levels and bacterial vaginosis (BV). Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and BV risk among adult women in the United States. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2004 were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between serum vitamin D levels and BV. Additionally, smoothing curve fitting and subgroup analyses were performed to explore potential non-linear relationships and effect modifications. Results: A total of 1,397 adult women were included. After adjusting for multiple covariates, serum vitamin D levels showed a significant non-linear negative association with BV risk. Subgroup analyses revealed that this association was not statistically significant among certain ethnic groups and women with lower body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: Serum vitamin D levels were non-linearly and negatively associated with the risk of bacterial vaginosis in adult women in the United States. Notably, the association was no longer present at serum vitamin D concentrations ≥63.1 nmol/L, which may inform future research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.