Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40469274›Full record

ArticleOpen research Europe2025

Lexibank 2: pre-computed features for large-scale lexical data.

Frederic Blum, Carlos Barrientos, Johannes Englisch, Robert Forkel, Simon J Greenhill, Christoph Rzymski, Johann-Mattis List

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Open research Europe, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Frederic BlumDepartment of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Saxony, 04103, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2936-0275
Carlos BarrientosDepartment of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Saxony, 04103, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-2611
Johannes EnglischDepartment of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Saxony, 04103, Germany.
Robert ForkelDepartment of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Saxony, 04103, Germany.
Simon J GreenhillDepartment of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Saxony, 04103, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-6156
Christoph RzymskiDepartment of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Saxony, 04103, Germany.
Johann-Mattis ListDepartment of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Saxony, 04103, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2133-8919

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Large-scale lexical and grammatical datasets nowadays play an important role in comparative linguistics. However, the lack of standardization remains a challenge exacerbating extension and reuse of published data. We present an updated version of Lexibank, a large-scale lexical dataset, expanding on previous efforts to standardize and unify cross-linguistic data. This new version includes over 3,100 languages and more than one-and-a-half million word forms, substantially broadening the scope and utility of the previous resource. Our dataset has been systematically curated using a dedicated computer-assisted workflow designed specifically for the lifting of published wordlist data to the standards recommended by the Cross-Linguistic Data Formats initiative. The expanded dataset features standardized references to language varieties, standardized semantic glosses that reference the concepts expressed by individual word forms, and standardized phonetic transcriptions for all word forms that our repository contains. Based on those standardizations we pre-compute semantic and phonological features, which can be used to carry out extensive automated analyses. We illustrate this potential by providing dedicated database queries to (1) infer words that are similar in pronunciation and meaning, (2) identify concepts that are colexified across languages in our sample, and (3) assess the semantic diversity of etymologically related words. These queries are not only fast to execute but also global in their scope, due to the largescale coverage provided by Lexibank 2. The queries are also easy to extend, thus having the potential to contribute to various studies in historical linguistics, linguistic typology, and related disciplines. The updated dataset is a substantial step forward in the effort to create comprehensive, standardized, and accessible linguistic resources.

Indexed as

comparative wordlistscomputational linguisticscross-linguistic datahistorical linguisticslexibank

Identifiers

PMID40469274
PMCPMC12134731

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.