Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40469105›Full record

ArticleiScience2025

Pronounced transition of heavy metal pollution sources in Chinese agricultural surface waters: The rising prominence of non-point source pollution.

Shaobo Sui, Mingshi Wang, Mingya Wang, Wanqi Ma, Shili Yang, Fan Zhang, Luhao Jia, Tong Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shaobo SuiCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Mingshi WangCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Mingya WangCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Wanqi MaCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Shili YangCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Fan ZhangCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Luhao JiaCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Tong LiuCollege of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite strict government controls on pollutant discharges, heavy metal (HM) levels in China's surface waters remain elevated above background values. Accurate source identification of HM pollution is essential for effective environmental management and public health protection. This study collected and analyzed water samples from the southwestern North China Plain to assess HM contamination levels, sources, and health risks, employing the absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model for robust source apportionment and quantification of pollution source contributions. Surface water HMs remained at "clean" levels but exceeded background values by 1-50 times. Source apportionment identified three primary sources: livestock/poultry (48.3%) > industrial (31.6%) > hybrid sources (20.1%), demonstrating a transition from point to non-point source (NPS) dominance. Monte Carlo simulation revealed serious carcinogenic risks for 1.1% of children and 19.5% of adults. These findings highlight evolving HM pollution patterns in China's agricultural regions, offering important implications for developing nations.

Indexed as

Aquatic scienceEnvironmental sciencePollution

Identifiers

PMID40469105
PMCPMC12136830

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.