Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40469095›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2025

Development of oculomotor digital biomarkers using clinical examinations as "Ground Truth".

Brittany Trotter, Melissa Hunfalvay, Nicholas P Murray, Greg C Mathews, Frederick Robert Carrick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Brittany TrotterEast Carolina University, Department of Kinesiology, Greenville, NC, United States.
Melissa HunfalvayRightEye LLC, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Nicholas P MurrayEast Carolina University, Department of Kinesiology, Greenville, NC, United States.
Greg C MathewsThe Brain Health Center of Maryland, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
Frederick Robert CarrickCollege of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of six computerized eye-tracking tests against a clinician-administered oculomotor exam. Methods: A total of 53 participants completed the horizontal random saccade (HRS), circular smooth pursuit (CSP), horizontal smooth pursuit (HSP), vertical smooth pursuit (VSP), horizontal saccade (HS), and vertical saccade (VS) oculomotor tests on the computerized system. A board-certified neurologist with 16 years of experience also conducted an oculomotor examination to mirror eye movement patterns. Results: Data analysis included a series of single-block logistic regressions to examine the scoring of the six eye-tracking tests (RightEye, LLC) to predict clinician-rated eye movement classifications (i.e., normal or abnormal). The computerized battery demonstrated concurrent validity for each of the six oculomotor tests as they significantly predicted the neurologist's classification. The sensitivity and specificity of the six eye-tracking tests ranged from 70.4 to 93.5% and from 84.6 to 90.5%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of the computerized tests ranged from good (78.8%) to excellent (92.3%). The area under the curve (AUC) analysis for the eye-tracking tests yielded values ranging from 0.734 (VSs) to 0.921 (HRSs). Conclusion: The results suggest that each of the six computerized eye-tracking tests accurately distinguished between normal and abnormal oculomotor movements.

Indexed as

clinical examinationdigital biomarkerseye trackingoculomotor behaviorsaccadesmooth pursuit

Identifiers

PMID40469095
PMCPMC12135680

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.