Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40468725›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and health2025

Safety of combination therapy of azilsartan medoxomil and amlodipine: a population-based cohort study.

Hyesung Lee, Bin Hong, Chris Tzu-Ting Su, Sungho Bea, Han Eol Jeong, Kyungyeon Jung, Michael Chun-Yuan Cheng, Zoe Chi-Jui Chang, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai, Jongyoung Lee

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Article in Epidemiology and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hyesung LeeDepartment of Medical Informatics, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
Bin HongSchool of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.
Chris Tzu-Ting SuSchool of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Sungho BeaDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Han Eol JeongDSC Investment, Seoul, Korea.
Kyungyeon JungSchool of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.
Michael Chun-Yuan ChengSchool of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Zoe Chi-Jui ChangSchool of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Edward Chia-Cheng LaiSchool of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Jongyoung LeeDivision of Cardiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study investigated the safety of azilsartan and amlodipine combination therapy versus other angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and amlodipine in patients with hypertension.

methodsWe conducted a cohort study utilizing healthcare databases from Korea and Taiwan. Patients aged between 18 years and 75 years who were newly prescribed both an ARB and amlodipine within 6 months of hypertension diagnosis were included. Safety outcomes assessed were hypotension, angioedema, acute pancreatitis, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, toxic liver disease, hepatic failure, nausea and vomiting, and fall-related injury. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each safety outcome associated with azilsartan medoxomil and amlodipine versus other ARBs combined with amlodipine were calculated within a 1:1 propensity score (PS)-matched cohort. Summary HRs across databases were computed using random-effects meta-analysis.

resultsWe identified 2,472 eligible patients (1,521 from Korea, 951 from Taiwan) initiating treatment with azilsartan medoxomil and amlodipine, and 671,468 patients (312,322 from Korea, 355,409 from Taiwan) initiating other ARBs with amlodipine. After PS matching, baseline characteristics were well-balanced between treatment groups. During the 180-day follow-up, most adverse outcomes did not occur even once in either group, thus precluding the calculation of HRs. The risk of acute pancreatitis was not significantly different between the azilsartan medoxomil and amlodipine group and the other ARB and amlodipine groups (summary HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.14 to 5.37).

conclusionsIn this population-based cohort study, azilsartan medoxomil combined with amlodipine was not associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes compared to other ARBs combined with amlodipine.

Indexed as

AmlodipineAntihypertensive AgentsBenzimidazolesHypertensionOxadiazolesAdolescentAdultAgedAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsCohort StudiesDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRepublic of KoreaAmlodipineAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAntihypertensive Agentsazilsartan medoxomilBenzimidazolesOxadiazolesAntihypertensive agentsCombination drug therapyHypertension

Identifiers

PMID40468725
PMCPMC12425867

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.