Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40468398›Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of medical research2025

New discoveries in therapeutic targets and drug development pathways for type 2 diabetes mellitus under the guidance of precision medicine.

Xinyi Tian, Liuqing Wang, Lu Zhang, Xiao Chen, Wenjun Wang, Kaiqi Zhang, Xiaolei Ge, Zhengrong Luo, Xu Zhai, Huaqiang Shao

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xinyi TianSchool of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
Liuqing WangInstitute of Chinese Medical History and Literatures, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
Lu ZhangInstitute of Chinese Medical History and Literatures, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
Xiao ChenInstitute of Chinese Medical Literature and Culture, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
Wenjun WangChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
Kaiqi ZhangChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Wangjing Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
Xiaolei GeChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Wangjing Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
Zhengrong LuoChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Wangjing Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
Xu ZhaiGraduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. zhaixu@mail.cintcm.ac.cn.
Huaqiang ShaoDepartment of Special Examination, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China. Shq1969@163.com.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences BJZYYB-2023-28
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disease involving multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, such as insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Recently, the emergence of precision medicine has ushered in new ideas and strategies for the treatment of T2DM. Studies have indicated that alterations in gut microbiota and changes in multiple micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are closely associated with T2DM, suggesting that regulating miRNAs and gut microbiota may become novel therapeutic targets for T2DM. In addition, the modulation of mitophagy, regulation of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) secretion, and the application of immune cell exosomes have also demonstrated significant therapeutic potential. Furthermore, regulating inhibiting serine phosphorylation, reducing proinsulin synthesis, adjusting central nervous system function, modulating transcription factors MondoA and ChREBP, adjusting Omega-3 fatty acid levels, and regulating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway are also considered promising therapeutic targets. The rise of precision medicine has provided a plethora of possible targets for the treatment of T2DM, spanning a wide range of areas from epigenetic modifications to gut microbiota, immune regulation, and metabolic pathways. Future research should further explore the clinical feasibility and safety of these targeted therapies while developing personalized treatment plans to improve outcomes for T2DM patients. This article highlights the latest discoveries of molecular pharmacological targets that may play a role in the pathogenesis of T2DM over the past 5 years. In addition, from the perspective of precision medicine, this review explores potential therapeutic targets for T2DM and evaluates emerging treatment strategies and drug development pathways.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Drug DevelopmentHypoglycemic AgentsPrecision MedicineAnimalsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansMolecular Targeted TherapyHypoglycemic AgentsDrugDrug developmentMechanistic targetsMetabolismPathophysiologicalPrecision medicineTherapeutic targetsType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID40468398
PMCPMC12135312

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.