ArticleGenome biology2025
DNA G-quadruplex structures act as functional elements in α- and β-globin enhancers.
Article in Genome biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- G-quadruplex structures as regulators of cellular processes and drivers of genome instability in cancer.Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology · 2026Review
- G-Quadruplexes: Structural Diversity and Emerging Roles in Biomolecular Condensation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Dual native G-quadruplex folding is associated with chromatin looping at the MYC locus.FEBS open bio · 2026Article
- The implications of TMSB4X in TIM3 hypermethylation and CD8Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Endogenous promoter G-quadruplexes scaffold apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) to drive gene expression.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Non-B DNA structures and their contributions to genetic diversity, aging, and disease.Nucleic acids research · 2026Review
- Commentary on 'Untargeted CUT&Tag reads are enriched at accessible chromatin and restrict identification of potential G4-forming sequences in G4-targeted CUT&Tag experiments'.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- DNA G-quadruplex structures act as functional elements in α- and β-globin enhancers.Genome biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEnhancer elements interact with target genes at a distance to modulate their expression, but the molecular details of enhancer-promoter interaction are incompletely understood. G-quadruplex DNA secondary structures (G4s) have recently been shown to co-occur with 3D chromatin interactions; however, the functional importance of G4s within enhancers remains unclear.
resultsIn this study, we identify novel G4 structures within two locus control regions at the human α- and β-globin loci. We find that mutating G4 motifs by genome editing prevents their folding into G4 structures in cells and disrupts 3D enhancer-promoter interactions and target gene expression in a manner comparable to whole enhancer deletion. Furthermore, restoration of G4 structure formation using a dissimilar G4-forming primary sequence recovers specific enhancer-gene interactions and gene expression. Through proteomic, biophysical, and genomic profiling, we find that enhancer G4s are tightly linked to the maintenance of an active chromatin state and RNA polymerase II recruitment to regulate target gene expression.
conclusionsOur study shows that folded G4 structures can act as functional elements that mediate 3D enhancer-promoter interactions to support enhancer-driven globin gene regulation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.