Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40468318›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

Examining the perception of undergraduate pharmacy students towards their leadership competencies: a mixed-methods study.

Aaliah Aly, Fatima Mraiche, Esraa Maklad, Raja Ali, Alla El-Awaisi, Maguy Saffouh El Hajj, Banan Mukhalalati

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Aaliah AlyDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Fatima MraicheDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Esraa MakladDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Raja AliDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Alla El-AwaisiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Maguy Saffouh El HajjDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Banan MukhalalatiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. banan.m@qu.edu.qa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLeadership development is crucial for pharmacy students to meet the evolving demands of healthcare. However, research on pharmacy students' perceptions of their leadership competencies and development opportunities remains limited. This study explores students' perceptions at the College of Pharmacy at Qatar University (CPH-QU), regarding their leadership knowledge, skills, attitudes, and available opportunities for leadership development.

methodsAn explanatory mixed-methods approach was employed. The quantitative phase involved the development, validation and administration of a questionnaire to all undergraduate CPH-QU students (N = 187), with a minimum required sample size of 126 students. Data were analyzed using SPSS

resultsThe questionnaire response rate was 98.4% (184 responses out of 187), with a usability rate of 70.1% (129 responses out of 184) after excluding students who only completed the demographic section. The study indicated a fair level of leadership knowledge (Median [IQR] = 59.0 [7.0]), skills (Mean [SD] = 109.9 [11.9]), and attitude toward leadership (Median [IQR] = 38.0 [7.0]) among students. Qualitative data further confirmed that the CPH-QU supports the development of students' leadership knowledge, skills and positive attitudes through various curricular and extracurricular opportunities. Key opportunities highlighted by students included interprofessional education (IPE), clinical rotations, and the integration of leadership concepts within various courses. To further enhance leadership development, students recommended expanding IPE to be implemented in clinical rotations, standalone leadership courses and establishing exchange programs with international institutions.

conclusionsStudents exhibit a fair level of leadership knowledge and skills, acknowledging their importance for their future professional roles as pharmacists. The importance of practical experience was particularly emphasized, with those having prior leadership experience showing a notably more positive attitude toward leadership. These findings highlight the need for a structured, comprehensive approach to leadership development in pharmacy education to more effectively prepare students for their professional careers.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelEducation, PharmacyLeadershipProfessional CompetenceStudents, PharmacyAdultFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMalePerceptionQatarQualitative ResearchSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultAttitudeKnowledgeLeadershipMedical leadership competency frameworkPharmacySkills

Identifiers

PMID40468318
PMCPMC12139051

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.