Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40468064›Full record

ArticleNature2025

Visualizing dynamics of charges and strings in (2 + 1)D lattice gauge theories.

T A Cochran, B Jobst, E Rosenberg, Y D Lensky, G Gyawali, N Eassa, M Will, A Szasz, D Abanin, R Acharya and 180 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Aharonov-Bohm interference in aNature physics · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

190 authors.

T A Cochran *Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1745-8467
B Jobst *Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7027-3918
E Rosenberg *Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Y D Lensky *Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
G Gyawali *Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
N EassaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M WillDepartment of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-7057-6611
A SzaszGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1127-2111
D AbaninGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2461-0271
R AcharyaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
L Aghababaie BeniGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
T I AndersenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-1626
M AnsmannGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-5621
F AruteGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
K AryaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A AsfawGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J AtalayaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
R BabbushGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6979-9533
B BallardGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J C BardinGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6523-6730
A BengtssonGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5264-4025
A BilmesGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A BourassaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8517-7475
J BovairdGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M BroughtonGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
D A BrowneGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B BucheaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B B BuckleyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
T BurgerGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B BurkettGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8474-6317
N BushnellGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A CabreraGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J CamperoGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
H-S ChangGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9681-6108
Z ChenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B ChiaroGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J ClaesGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-4585
A Y ClelandGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J CoganGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
R CollinsGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
P ConnerGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
W CourtneyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A L CrookGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B CurtinGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3856-0615
S DasGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-4853-1051
S DemuraGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3727-7380
L De LorenzoGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A Di PaoloGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5174-7310
P DonohoeGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
I DrozdovGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-1194
A DunsworthGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A EickbuschGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A Moshe ElbagGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M ElzoukaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
C EricksonGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
V S FerreiraGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
L Flores BurgosGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
E ForatiGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A G FowlerGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B FoxenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3732-168X
S GanjamGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
R GascaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
É GenoisGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-1813
W GiangGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
D GilboaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
R GosulaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3025-7312
A Grajales DauGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
D GraumannGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A GreeneGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4034-8744
J A GrossGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7049-6206
S HabeggerGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-2371
M HansenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M P HarriganGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0553
S D HarringtonGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0521-8378
P HeuGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
O HiggottGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J HiltonGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
H-Y HuangGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A HuffGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
W HugginsGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2735-1380
E JeffreyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Z JiangGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0435-655X
C JonesGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
C JoshiGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
P JuhasGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8751-4458
D KafriGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
H KangGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A H KaramlouGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7400-9604
K KechedzhiGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0136-1428
T KhaireGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
T KhattarGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M KhezriGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S KimGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
P KlimovGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-4456
B KobrinGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A KorotkovGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
F KostritsaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J KreikebaumGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
V KurilovichGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
D LandhuisGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9804-2185
T Lange-DeiGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B LangleyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
K-M LauGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J LedfordGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
K LeeGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B LesterGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-2508
L Le GuevelGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3110-3371
W LiGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A T LillGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
W LivingstonGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8399-0975
A LocharlaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
D LundahlGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A LuntGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S MadhukGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A MaloneyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S MandràGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-2694
L MartinGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
O MartinGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
C MaxfieldGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J McCleanGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2809-0509
M McEwenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9544-141X
S MeeksGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A MegrantGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6371-6140
K MiaoGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
R MolaviGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S MolinaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S MontazeriGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7124-4585
R MovassaghGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
C NeillGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8509-9836
M NewmanGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-1072
A NguyenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M NguyenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
C-H NiGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
K OttossonGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A PizzutoGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
R PotterGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
O PritchardGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
C QuintanaGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
G RamachandranGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M ReagorGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
D RhodesGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3788-7947
G RobertsGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
K SankaragomathiGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8930-7081
K SatzingerGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-0813
H SchurkusGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3210-5929
M ShearnGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A ShorterGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
N ShuttyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-2812
V ShvartsGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
V SivakGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S SmallGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
W C SmithGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S SpringerGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
G SterlingGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J SuchardGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A SzteinGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
D ThorGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
M TorunbalciGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A VaishnavGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J VargasGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S VdovichevGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
G VidalGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
C Vollgraff HeidweillerGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6513-9885
S WaltmanGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
S X WangGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B WareGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-3198
T WhiteGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
K WongGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
B W K WooGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-1576
C XingGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Z Jamie YaoGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
P YehGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-1028
B YingGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
J YooGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
N YosriGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4169-5745
G YoungGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
A ZalcmanGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2585-2424
Y ZhangGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
N ZhuGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-2003
N ZobristGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-7263
S BoixoGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1090-7584
J KellyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-2121
E LuceroGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Y ChenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
V SmelyanskiyGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
H NevenGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9681-6746
A Gammon-SmithSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
F PollmannDepartment of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. frank.pollmann@tum.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-9304
M KnapDepartment of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. michael.knap@ph.tum.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9502
P RoushanGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA. pedramr@google.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-3879

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lattice gauge theories (LGTs)

Identifiers

PMID40468064
PMCPMC12158766

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.