Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40467640›Full record

ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2025

Effects of virtual reality on spatiotemporal gait parameters and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.

Lei Ma, Bar Yosef, Ipek Talu, Daniel Batista, Emi Jenkens-Drake, Nanthia Suthana, Katy A Cross

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lei MaDepartment of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0050-6461
Bar YosefDepartment of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Ipek TaluDepartment of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Daniel BatistaDepartment of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Emi Jenkens-DrakeDepartment of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nanthia SuthanaDepartment of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Katy A CrossDepartment of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. kcross@mednet.ucla.edu.

Funding

Training in Neurotechnology TranslationT32NS115753 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LU, DANIEL, MARKOVIC, DEJAN · 2020 to 2024
$1.2M
NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS115753U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) T32NS115753
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly used to study freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, overground gait in VR typically exhibits shorter, wider, and slower steps than real-world gait in both healthy and PD populations. This altered gait behavior raises the question of whether VR also alters the FOG phenomenon. We investigate the effects of naturalistic VR on gait and FOG characteristics in PD patients. Patients walked in a real-world environment and its VR replica under conditions that provoke FOG. Spatiotemporal gait parameters and FOG episodes were compared between environments. Results revealed that a detailed VR replica and large walking area reduced the effect of VR on gait parameters compared to previous reports. Additionally, FOG was provoked by similar triggers with comparable frequency, suggesting VR effectively replicates FOG heterogeneity. This work demonstrates the feasibility of VR to study gait and FOG in PD and informs future VR applications.

Identifiers

PMID40467640
PMCPMC12137916

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.