ArticleNature communications2025
Role of the upper airway microbiota in respiratory virus and bacterial pathobiont dynamics in the first year of life.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrative profiling of oral fungal communities acrossAnnals of medicine · 2026Article
- Antibacterial and Immunomodulatory Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Nasal microbiome and phageome profiles are associated with prospective respiratory viral infection risk in school-age children.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Microbial and immune determinants of disease severity and death in pediatric pneumonia.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Immune development in early life.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Viral Detection and Clinical Disease Features in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Integrated multiplex PCR and metatranscriptomics reveal upper-lower airway microbial landscapes in pediatric respiratory infections.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Role of the upper airway microbiota in respiratory virus and bacterial pathobiont dynamics in the first year of life.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The pediatric nasal microbiome and its role in chronic ENT disorders: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The mechanisms by which respiratory viruses predispose to secondary bacterial infections remain poorly characterized. Using 2,409 nasopharyngeal swabs from 300 infants enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Botswana, we perform a detailed analysis of factors that influence the dynamics of bacterial pathobiont colonization during infancy. We quantify the extent to which viruses increase the acquisition of Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. We provide evidence of cooperative interactions between these pathobionts while identifying host characteristics and environmental exposures that influence the odds of pathobiont colonization during early life. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we demonstrate that respiratory viruses result in losses of putatively beneficial Corynebacterium and Streptococcus species that are associated with a lower odds of pathobiont acquisition. These findings provide important insights into viral-bacterial relationships in the upper respiratory tract of direct relevance to respiratory infections and suggest that the bacterial microbiota is a potentially modifiable mechanism by which viruses promote bacterial respiratory infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.