Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40465965›Full record

ArticleDental press journal of orthodontics2025

Cleaning solutions for orthodontic clear aligners: a microbiological and colorimetric analysis.

Paula Cristina Henriques da Silva, Beatriz Ribeiro Ribas, Tony Vieira Faria, Janaína Habib Jorge, Luiz Gonzaga Gandini, Ary Dos Santos-Pinto, João Roberto Gonçalves, Jonas Bianchi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Dental press journal of orthodontics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Paula Cristina Henriques da SilvaSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Dental Science (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1549-1415
Beatriz Ribeiro RibasSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Dentistry (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6763-7258
Tony Vieira FariaSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Dental Science (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-3160
Janaína Habib JorgeSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthetics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9135-3455
Luiz Gonzaga GandiniSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Orthodontics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8556-6010
Ary Dos Santos-PintoSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Orthodontics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-0001
João Roberto GonçalvesSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Orthodontics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-2256
Jonas BianchiSão Paulo State University, Dental School, Department of Orthodontics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3749-0918

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy and color changes induced by different chemical agents on the orthodontic aligners.

methodsThe sample consisted of Invisalign® aligners materials and seven solutions were tested: sodium hypochlorite (HYP), sodium bicarbonate (BIC), neutral detergent (DET), chlorhexidine gluconate (CX), white vinegar (VIN) diluted in water (1:3), Corega Tabs® effervescent tablets (COR), and distilled water (DW, control group). The microbiological control was evaluated by analyzing cell proliferation (CFU/ml) and cell metabolism (AlamarBlue® test), and the VITA EasyShade® Advance spectrophotometer was used for color change analysis, using multiple Mann-Whitney tests.

resultsAll solutions significantly reduced S. mutans biofilm (CFU/mL), except for the control group. The AlamarBlue® analysis showed a significant reduction in cell viability, except for the BIC solution (p=0.183). After 7 days, HYP showed significant color variation, compared to all the other solutions, except for the control group (p=0.095). After 14 days, BIC and CX showed significantly greater color variation than the control group (p=0.007). DET showed a large difference compared to BIC and CX (p=0.007), and a statistically significant difference compared to VIN and COR (p=0.015).

conclusionThe disinfectant solutions HYP, DET, CX, VIN, and COR significantly reduced the bacterial colonies of S. mutans and cellular metabolism. In addition, HYP, BIC, CX, and COR significantly affected the material color.

Indexed as

Orthodontic Appliances, RemovableStreptococcus mutansAcetic AcidBiofilmsChlorhexidineColorColorimetryDetergentsHumansIn Vitro TechniquesSodium BicarbonateSodium HypochloriteSpectrophotometryAcetic AcidChlorhexidinechlorhexidine gluconateDetergentsSodium BicarbonateSodium Hypochlorite

Identifiers

PMID40465965
PMCPMC12133152

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.