ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2025
Students' acceptance and use of generative AI in pharmacy education: international cross-sectional survey based on the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology.
Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Generative artificial intelligence-assisted medical self-care and associated factors among undergraduate students at Arsi University, South-Eastern Ethiopia.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Development of a hybrid artificial intelligence framework for pharmacotherapy optimization.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Adoption of artificial intelligence tools among pharmacy students in Syria: patterns of use, educational perceptions, and institutional barriers.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Educational Value of Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacotherapy Education.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Article
- Health Professional Students' Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence During Clinical Placements: Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study.JMIR medical education · 2026Article
- Knowledge, perception, and attitude of healthcare students towards artificial intelligence: a multi-center cross sectional study.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Beyond willingness: unpacking pharmacists' adoption of AI-driven clinical decision support systems through an extended UTAUT framework.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-based chatbots improve the efficiency of course orientation among medical students: a cross-sectional study.BMC medical education · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundGenerative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has significant potential implications for pharmacy education, but its ethical, practical, and pedagogical implications have not been fully explored.
aimThis international study evaluated pharmacy students' acceptance and use of GenAI tools using the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT).
methodA cross-sectional survey of pharmacy students from nine countries during the first half of 2024 assessed GenAI usage patterns, curricular integration, and acceptance via the Extended UTAUT framework. After appropriate translation and cultural adaptation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) identified key adoption factors.
resultsA total of 2009 responses were received. ChatGPT and Quillbot were the tools most frequently utilised. EFA identified three key dimensions: Utility-Driven Adoption, Affordability and Habitual Integration, and Social Influence. Students rated performance and effort expectancy highly, highlighting their perceived usefulness and ease of use of GenAI tools. In contrast, habit and price value received lower ratings, indicating barriers to habitual use and affordability concerns. Gender disparities were noted, with males demonstrating significantly higher acceptance (p < 0.001). Additionally, country-specific differences were evident, as Malaysia reported a high performance expectancy, while Egypt exhibited low facilitating conditions. Over 20% indicated an over-reliance on GenAI for assignments, raising ethical concerns. Significant gaps were observed, such as limited ethical awareness-only 10% prioritised legal and ethical training-and uneven curricular integration, with 60% reporting no formal exposure to Generative AI.
conclusionFindings reveal critical gaps in ethical guidance, equitable access, and structured GenAI integration in pharmacy education. A proactive, context-specific strategy is essential to align technological innovation with pedagogical integrity.
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