Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40465077›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2025

Inclusion of Individuals with Autism and Co-Occurring Intellectual Disability or Language Impairment as Research Participants.

Katherine E Reuben, Jalayne J Arias, Shannon Self-Brown, Erin Vinoski Thomas

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Katherine E ReubenSchool of Public Health, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3995, 140 Decatur St. SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA. kreuben1@gsu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0291-4549
Jalayne J AriasSchool of Public Health, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3995, 140 Decatur St. SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-5231
Shannon Self-BrownSchool of Public Health, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3995, 140 Decatur St. SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9372-6948
Erin Vinoski ThomasSchool of Public Health, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3995, 140 Decatur St. SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-8562

Funding

Alcohol Prevention Research on Violence, Evidence-Based Programs, and Novel Techniques (A-PREVENT) Training ProgramT32AA031818 · NIAAA · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Amanda Katherine Gilmore, LAURA F SALAZAR · 2024 to 2026
$656k
NIAAA NIH HHS T32 AA031818NIAAA NIH HHS T32AA031818
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autistic individuals with higher support needs, including those with co-occurring intellectual disability (ID) and language impairment (LI), are underrepresented in research. Researchers who attempt to include this population face unique challenges regarding participant recruitment, informed consent, accurate measurement, and protecting privacy and confidentiality. This leads to gaps in understanding as well as a lack of evidence-based support for clinical and public health practice. Careful consideration is needed to ensure that autism research is appropriately inclusive and does not unduly burden vulnerable populations. This commentary uses the Kass framework as an example scaffold for navigating complex ethical challenges and improving accessibility and fairness in autism research. It reviews existing literature on the topic, and the resulting recommendations are informed by autistic individuals with substantial support needs. Increased representation of the full autism spectrum in research is necessary to ensure equitable health outcomes for all autistic individuals. Ethical analysis, guidance from autism research organizations, and recommendations from autistic adults can assist with this process.

Indexed as

Autistic DisorderBiomedical ResearchIntellectual DisabilityLanguage DisordersPatient SelectionResearch SubjectsHumansInformed ConsentAutismEthicsInclusive researchIntellectual disabilityLanguage impairment

Identifiers

PMID40465077
PMCPMC12354314

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.