ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Understanding community pharmacists' intentions to report adverse drug reactions in Saudi Arabia: a theory of planned behavior analysis.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Strengthening pharmacovigilance in emergency care: knowledge, attitudes and barriers to adverse drug reaction reporting among nurses in Ghana.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Exploring pediatricians' off-label prescribing behavior in China: A theory of planned behavior-based study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting is critical for ensuring medication safety. However, underreporting remains a global concern, particularly in community pharmacy settings. This study explores the behavioral factors influencing community pharmacists' intention to report ADRs in Saudi Arabia, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a guiding framework. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to estimate factors affecting community pharmacists' intention to report ADRs to the Saudi National Pharmacovigilance Center (NPC) through a TPB-based analysis. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data on pharmacists' intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and moral obligation regarding ADR reporting. Descriptive statistics summarized the sample characteristics. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the influence of TPB constructs on reporting intentions. Results: Among 452 participating community pharmacists, 88% were aware of the NPC, but only 27.4% had reported ADRs in the past year. Pharmacists who were non-Saudi, aware of the NPC and its procedures, and trained in ADR reporting demonstrated significantly higher intentions to report (p < 0.05). Attitudes (OR = 1.141, 95% CI: 1.09-1.18, p < 0.001), subjective norms (OR = 1.280, 95% CI: 1.16-1.40, p < 0.001), perceived behavioral control (OR = 1.168, 95% CI: 1.03-1.31, p = 0.010), and moral obligation (OR = 1.417, 95% CI: 1.05-1.89, p = 0.019) were all significantly associated with reporting intention. Conclusion: Findings reinforce the importance of targeting TPB constructs (particularly attitudes, social norms, and perceived control) and perceived moral obligation in designing interventions to improve ADR reporting. Strategies such as structured training, institutional support, and promoting moral responsibility may bridge the gap between awareness and actual reporting practices among community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.