ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Reverse vaccinology-based design of multivalent multiepitope mRNA vaccines targeting key viral proteins of Herpes Simplex Virus type-2.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Designing a novel multiepitope vaccine candidate against Treponema pallidum via adhesins using reverse vaccinology.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Confronting the known unknown: historical lessons and future strategies for Disease X.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Immunoinformatics-based design of a multi-epitope mRNA vaccine candidate targeting the major human-infecting hepatitis E virus genotypes 1-4.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Advancing peptide-based vaccines against viral pathogens: a narrative review.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseReview
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 or HSV-2 is a major cause of genital herpes, contributing to increased susceptibility to HIV, encephalitis, and other severe complications. Despite the availability of antiviral therapies such as acyclovir, their effectiveness is limited due to resistance and side effects, emphasizing the urgent need for an effective vaccine. Methods: This study employed reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics to design five multivalent, multiepitope mRNA vaccine constructs targeting HSV-2. Four key viral proteins-Glycoprotein B (gB), Ribonucleoside-diphosphate Reductase large subunit (RIR1), Infected Cell Protein 0 (ICP0), and VP23-were selected based on their roles in viral replication and immune evasion. Epitopes for Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CD8 Results: The vaccine constructs demonstrated favorable physiochemical properties, structural stability, and high antigenicity. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities between the predicted epitopes and their respective MHC class I and class II alleles. Proteasomal cleavage analysis confirmed efficient antigen processing, while codon optimization ensured compatibility with the human translational machinery. Computational immune simulations predicted a strong humoral and cellular immune response, including high IgG and IgM levels, robust CD4 Conclusion: The rationally designed multiepitope mRNA vaccine constructs exhibit strong antigenic potential, structural stability, and immune-stimulatory properties, positioning them as promising candidates for HSV-2 vaccine development. These findings offer a novel, safe, and effective approach to HSV-2 immunization, warranting further experimental validation and preclinical studies.
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