Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40462700›Full record

ArticleOral health & preventive dentistry2025

The Effect of Antimicrobial Agents on Implant Surface Wettability Changes: An In-Vitro Study.

Rachel Swed, Elina Nourmand, Nina K Anderson, Rafael Delgado-Ruiz, Georgios Romanos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oral health & preventive dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Rachel Swed
Elina Nourmand
Nina K Anderson
Rafael Delgado-Ruiz
Georgios Romanos

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe goal of this in-vitro study was to determine the impact of the antimicrobial disinfecting agents chlorhexidine (Peridex) and an herbal extract (StellaLife) on the wettability of four implant surfaces: titanium machined (TM), titanium-SLA (SLA), titanium alloy (TA), and zirconia. MATERIALS AND

methodsEach implant surface in the form of a disk was disinfected with 0.12% chlorhexidine (Peridex, group 1), peppermint-flavoured herbal extract (StellaLife, group 2), and saline solution as the control liquid (group 3). Using a calibrated micro-syringe, 7.5 µl of each liquid were dispensed on the center of each disk (n = 180). Then, a goniometer was used to measure contact angles between the droplet and the disk surface to evaluate the wettability (hydrophilicity) of each implant surface. The mean from 20 contact angle measurements per liquid and implant surface was calculated. Comparative statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and Bonferroni correction at the p 0.05 level of significance.

resultsThe Bonferroni post-hoc comparison revealed a statistically significant difference with improved wettability for group 2 compared to groups 1 and 3 for rough-surfaced titanium-SLA implant surfaces.

conclusionOverall, titanium implants may have improved hydrophilicity when rinsed with herbal extract antimicrobial agents compared to chlorhexidine.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsChlorhexidineDental ImplantsPlant ExtractsWettabilityHumansIn Vitro TechniquesMaterials TestingSurface PropertiesTitaniumZirconiumAnti-Infective AgentsChlorhexidineDental ImplantsPlant ExtractsTitaniumZirconiumzirconium oxidechlorhexidineherbal extract rinseimplantswettability

Identifiers

PMID40462700
PMCPMC12138382

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.