Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40462157›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2025

DeepGFT: identifying spatial domains in spatial transcriptomics of complex and 3D tissue using deep learning and graph Fourier transform.

Shuli Sun, Jixin Liu, Guojun Li, Bingqiang Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shuli Sun *School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
Jixin Liu *School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
Guojun LiResearch Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences (Frontiers Science Center for Nonlinear Expectations), Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China. guojunsdu@gmail.com.
Bingqiang LiuSchool of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China. bingqiang@sdu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Key R&D Program of China 2020YFA0712400National Nature Science Foundation of China 62272270open-project of BGI-ShenZhen, ShenZhen 518000, China BGIRSZ20220005Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province ZR2023JQ002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid advancements in spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) enable the characterization of gene expressions while preserving spatial information. However, high dropout rates and noise hinder accurate spatial domain identification for understanding tissue architecture. We present DeepGFT, a method that simultaneously models spot-wise and gene-wise relationships by integrating deep learning with graph Fourier transform for spatial domain identification. Benchmarking results demonstrate the superiority of DeepGFT over existing methods. DeepGFT detects tumor substructures with immune-related differences in human breast cancer, identifies the complex germinal centers accurately in human lymph node, and accurately reveals the developmental changes in 3D Drosophila data.

Indexed as

Deep LearningGene Expression ProfilingTranscriptomeAnimalsBreast NeoplasmsDrosophilaFemaleFourier AnalysisHumansLymph NodesDeep learningGraph Fourier transformSpatial domain identificationSpatial resolved transcriptomics

Identifiers

PMID40462157
PMCPMC12135315

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.