Observational studyBMC emergency medicine2025
Influence of different relationships of bystanders to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients on the effectiveness of dispatcher-assisted CPR.
Observational study in BMC emergency medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Functional Access to Public Defibrillators and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: A Population-Based Geospatial Analysis in Korea.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Regional disparities and temporal trends in pre-hospital management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Thailand: a multi-center retrospective cohort study (2017-2023).Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR) significantly improves CPR performance by bystanders, increasing the survival of patients. However, emotional stress among family members witnessing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) may hinder their ability to effectively perform CPR, leading to delayed and poorer quality CPR. The influence of the relationships of callers to patients (i.e., family members, friends, and strangers) on DA-CPR outcomes remains insufficiently explored. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis retrospective observational study analyzed the data of nontraumatic OHCA cases in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, from August 2021 to January 2023. Data from the registries of emergency medical services and emergency call recordings were examined. Relationships of callers to patients, emotional barriers, time metrics (time to CPR instruction initiation and first compression), and barriers to DA-CPR success were evaluated. Associations between callers' relationships to patients and DA-CPR performance were analyzed through multivariable logistic regression.
resultsAmong 1,036 nontraumatic OHCA cases, 59.3% of callers were family members, 13.6% were friends, and 27.1% were strangers. Cardiac arrest recognition rates were lower for family members (68.2%) than for strangers (84.0%) (p < 0.001). Time to CPR instruction (117 vs. 91 s, p = 0.034) and the first chest compression (200 vs. 179 s, p = 0.018) were significantly delayed for family members. For family members, emotional stress and protocol nonadherence were the main barriers to CPR performance.
conclusionThe relationship of the caller to the patient significantly influences DA-CPR outcomes. Family members experience increased emotional stress, resulting in delays and decreased recognition rates. Targeted family-centered education and enhanced dispatcher support are essential to address these challenges and improve the survival outcomes of patients with OHCA.
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