Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40461608›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2025

Interventions to improve diabetes care and self-management for individuals experiencing homelessness: a scoping review with systematic search of qualitative and quantitative literature.

Nada A El Tobgy, Eshleen K Grewal, Pablo M Gonzalez, Tadios Tibebu, Gillian L Booth, Kerry A McBrien, Stephen W Hwang, Carolyn Ziegler, David J T Campbell

Abstract readScoping Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Nada A El TobgyDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Eshleen K GrewalDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Pablo M GonzalezTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Tadios TibebuMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Gillian L BoothMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Kerry A McBrienDepartment of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Stephen W HwangMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Carolyn ZieglerLibrary Services, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
David J T CampbellDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. dcampbel@ucalgary.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisOptimal diabetes management for people experiencing homelessness can be a challenge. Our aim was to summarise the existing literature on, highlight emerging evidence for and identify gaps in diabetes care for people experiencing homelessness.

methodsWe undertook a comprehensive and systematic search of 11 databases of published academic literature up to 24 September 2024. Only English and French studies were included. We used defined search and selection criteria to identify interventions or recommendations targeted towards diabetes care in people experiencing homelessness. We also conducted an extensive grey-literature search. Articles were screened at the abstract and full-text stages by two reviewers. We conducted descriptive analysis of the included studies.

resultsIn total, 2367 records were identified in the initial search of the published literature (1182 after de-duplication), of which 75 met the criteria for inclusion. In addition, 194 records from the grey-literature sources met the criteria for inclusion, yielding a total of 269 documents included in the review. Most interventions were conducted in the USA (n=186) and were simple programme descriptions (n=173). Sixteen intervention categories were identified; the most common included mobile clinics, street medicine and outreach (n=68), multidisciplinary care (n=35), recommendations for providers (n=29) and foot care/assessment programmes (n=31). Of the 51 quantitative studies, 11 examined the effects of an intervention on HbA CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationA broad spectrum of interventions have been implemented with the goal of improving diabetes care in people experiencing homelessness. There is an ongoing need for more structured evaluations of programmes that provide care for this population.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusIll-Housed PersonsSelf-ManagementHumansDiabetesDiabetes careDiabetes complicationsDiabetes screeningDiabetes self-managementHealth inequitiesHomelessHomelessnessScoping review

Identifiers

PMID40461608

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.