ArticleScientific reports2025
2D versus 3D tumor-on-chip models to study the impact of tumor organization on metabolic patterns in vitro.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Beyond the Monolayer: Leveraging 3D Culture Systems to Decode Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Colorectal Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Low-level laser irradiation stimulated tumoricidal impacts and dose-dependent modulation of Wnt signaling in three-dimensional human colorectal cancer microspheres.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Reversible Microfluidic Platform for Spheroid Culturing, Downstream Characterization, and Dynamic Anticancer Susceptibility Testing.ACS measurement science au · 2026Article
- Three-dimensional spheroid models in breast cancer: tumor microenvironment complexity, cancer stem cell-driven resistance, and translational model integration.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Ketogenic Diet as an Adjuvant in Epithelial Cancers: Mechanisms, Model Systems, and Translational Opportunities.Cancers · 2026Review
- Characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived organoids from patients receiving transarterial chemoembolization as a model for preclinical drug response assessment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Adaptation of Non-Invasive Cancer Cells to 3D Collagen I Microenvironment Induces Transcriptional Reprogramming Accompanied by a More Complex RNA Landscape.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- New approach methodologies for next-generation risk assessment of nanomaterials and nano-enabled products.Nano convergence · 2026Review
- Tumour endothelial cell reprogramming orchestrates angiocrine signalling to drive chemoresistance in breast cancer.Angiogenesis · 2026Article
- Co-Culture of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and fibroblasts induces altered integrin expression associated with 3D structural formation.Cytotechnology · 2026Article
- Organoids as next-generation models for investigating intracranial tumours.Molecular brain · 2026Review
- 3D bioprinting of microfluidic systems for cardiac regenerative medicine: from biofabrication to organ-on-a-chip.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
- Genetically engineered human cell-based microrobots for selective cancer cell death.Science advances · 2026Article
- Ultrastructural Study of Microphysiological Systems of the Tumor Microenvironment.Small science · 2026Article
- Recapitulation of human 3D colorectal cancer model using smart thermo-responsive hydrogel for monitoring angiogenesis.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- An Intelligent Magneto-Mechanical Platform for Cellular Sensing in 3D Microenvironments.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Receptor-Mitochondria Crosstalk in the Kynurenine Metabolic Pathway: Integrating Metabolomics and Clinical Mass Spectrometry.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- ModularFrontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Exploring the biomechanical complexity of glioblastoma spheroids and organoids with co-localized Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the limitations of in vitro models to investigate cancer cell metabolism, their study can provide new insights essential for understanding tumorigenesis and effectively aiding in the development of novel therapies. The innovative tumor-on-chip models offer a more physiologically relevant platform than the traditional 2D cultures. These 3D cultures incorporate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, as well as diffusion dynamics through both the matrix and tumor spheroid, modeling in vivo diffusion within the tumor. Therefore, this work focuses on a quantitative comparison between 2D and 3D cultures through a microfluidic chip that allows daily monitoring of cancer cell key metabolites such as glucose, glutamine and lactate, unveiling critical differences. Our analysis reveals reduced proliferation rates in 3D models, likely due to limited diffusion of nutrients and oxygen. Additionally, 3D cultures showed distinct metabolic profiles, including elevated glutamine consumption under glucose restriction and higher lactate production, indicating an enhanced Warburg effect. The microfluidic chip enabled continuous monitoring, revealing increased per-cell glucose consumption in 3D models, highlighting fewer but more metabolically active cells than in 2D cultures. These findings underscore the importance of using microfluidic-based 3D models to provide a more accurate representation of tumor metabolism and progression compared to traditional 2D cultures.
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Registered trials
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