ArticleNPJ Regenerative medicine2025
Engineered BMP2/BMP7 extracellular vesicles induce autocrine BMP release driving SMAD phosphorylation to promote bone formation.
Article in NPJ Regenerative medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Osteogenesis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Matrix-Bound and Media-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Mineralized Osteoblasts Exhibit Distinct Osteogenic Activities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Vesicular Communication in the Bone-Muscle Unit: Physiological Functions, Aging, and Therapeutic Potential.Cells · 2026Review
- Targeting the osteoporotic bone microenvironment: Mechanistic insight and therapeutic biomaterials for accelerating bone regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Activation of BMPR1b-SMAD pathway by Ginsenoside F1 restores osteoblast function in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Microbial messengers: decoding the gut microbiota's role in bone health through immunomodulation and exosomal signaling.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Exosome-enabled bone defect repair: mechanistic foundations, bioengineered delivery, and artificial intelligence-driven translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Bone matrix proteins: regulators of skeletal remodeling and repair.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2026Review
- A Purified Platelet-Derived Exosome Product for Chronic Wound Healing: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy and Next-Generation Delivery Platform.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Effects of Periodontal-Specific Exosomes and rhBMP2 on Osteogenic Behaviour and Differentiation of BMSCs.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting macrophage-mediated TGF-β/BMP signaling in ankylosing spondylitis: from inflammation to pathological bone formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Osteoimmunomodulation of astragalus-calcium silicate scaffolds-activated M2 macrophage-derived miR-218-rich exosome for enhanced bone regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In the United States, impaired bone healing impacts ~600,000 patients annually. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) therapy is impeded by low bone quality and adverse effects. Here, mesenchymal stem cells, engineered to produce BMP2 and BMP2/7 containing extracellular vesicles (BMP2-EV and BMP2/7-EV), provided an alternative means of stimulating bone formation. BMP2-EV and BMP2/7-EV drove increased calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity; with increase in osterix, RUNX2, osteocalcin, and osteopontin documenting osteoblast differentiation. BMP2/7-EV induced SMAD phosphorylation and calcium deposition, was inhibited by DMH1, a BMP I receptor inhibitor, demonstrating BMP receptor dependence. BMP2 and BMP7 extracellular vesicle encapsulation was confirmed with preserved potency following treatment with BMP antagonist, Noggin. Application of BMP2/7-EV in a rat calvarial defect model demonstrated enhanced bone formation on micro-computed tomography and histopathologic analysis, equaling rhBMP2. BMP2/7-EV mediated bone formation here highlights EVs as a unique modality for delivery of tailored polyvalent regenerative biotherapies.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.