ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Reciprocal projections between the globus pallidus externa and cortex span motor and nonmotor regions.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cognitive functions of the GPe.Trends in neurosciences · 2026Review
- Beyond the brake: The subthalamic nucleus predominantly facilitates action in non-human primates.Progress in neurobiology · 2026Article
- Motor cortex directly excites the substantia nigra pars reticulata, the basal ganglia output nucleus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A non-canonical cholinergic pathway from the dorsal tail of the striatum to the auditory cortex.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Layer 6 is a hub for cholinergic modulation in the mouse auditory cortex.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Beyond the Brake: the Subthalamic Nucleus Predominantly Facilitates Action in Non-human Primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Excitatory drive to the globus pallidus external segment facilitates action initiation in non-human primates.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Distinct neurogenic pathways shape the diversification and mosaic organization of cortical output channels.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Reciprocal projections between the globus pallidus externa and cortex span motor and nonmotor regions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
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Abstract
The globus pallidus externa (GPe) is a heterogeneous nucleus of the basal ganglia, with intricate connections to other basal ganglia nuclei, as well as direct connections to the cortex. The anatomic, molecular, and electrophysiologic properties of cortex-projecting pallidocortical neurons are not well characterized. Here, we show that pallidocortical neurons project to diverse motor and nonmotor cortical regions, are organized topographically in the GPe, and segregate into at least two distinct electrophysiological and molecular phenotypes. In addition, we find that the GPe receives direct synaptic input from deep layers of diverse motor and nonmotor cortical regions, some of which form reciprocal connections onto pallidocortical neurons. These results demonstrate the existence of a fast, bidirectional circuit between the GPe and the cortex that is ideally positioned to integrate information about behavioral goals, internal states, and environmental cues to rapidly modulate behavior.
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