Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40457964›Full record

ArticlePerception2025

The diatonic sound of scent imagery.

Oriente Pimentel, Erick G Chuquichambi, Charles Spence, Carlos Velasco

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Perception, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Oriente PimentelBasque Culinary Centre, Spain.
Erick G ChuquichambiHuman Evolution and Cogniton group, Deparment of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Spain Centre for Multisensory Marketing, Department of Marketing, BI Norwegian Business School, Norway.ORCID 0000-0001-5389-283X
Charles SpenceUniversity of Oxford Department of Experimental Psychology, Cross-modal Research Laboratory, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2111-072X
Carlos VelascoCentre for Multisensory Marketing, Department of Marketing, BI Norwegian Business School, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-4864-2315

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This research investigates crossmodal correspondences between auditory stimuli, specifically musical modes, and olfactory mental imagery, represented by fragrance families. Building on the emerging literature on crossmodal correspondences, this research explores different mechanisms that might help to explain these crossmodal correspondences such as their shared connotative meaning and identity-based meaning. The first study evaluated the fragrance families and subfamilies and musical modes and assessed potential mechanisms behind these associations. The second study examined the associations between the musical modes and fragrance families and subfamilies through a matching task. The results revealed consistent matches between different musical modes and corresponding fragrance families and subfamilies, indicating a crossmodal association between auditory and olfactory mental imagery. What is more, major modes were perceived as brighter and less intense, and were more liked than minor modes, with floral and fresh fragrances similarly rated as brighter and more liked than oriental and woody fragrances. These results suggest that crossmodal correspondences between auditory and olfactory stimuli are influenced by brightness, intensity, and hedonic factors. Understanding such crossmodal associations can potentially benefit various fields, including marketing, product design, and those interested in creating multisensory experiences.

Indexed as

Auditory PerceptionImaginationMusicOlfactory PerceptionPerfumeAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleOdorantsYoung AdultPerfumecrossmodal correspondencesfragrancesmusical modessmellsound

Identifiers

PMID40457964
PMCPMC12326031

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.