SynthesisStem cell research & therapy2025
Nanoscale therapeutics for erectile dysfunction: a meta-analysis of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as natural nanoparticles in diabetic rat models.
Synthesis in Stem cell research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of the efficacy of conditioned medium derived from quality- and quantity-cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells for erectile dysfunction.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in erectile dysfunction: a narrative review of multicellular regulation.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles derived from human amniotic fluid stem cells improve bladder dysfunction in rat model of diabetic atherosclerosis.World journal of stem cells · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles from Li-Qi-Yang-Yin formula attenuate LPS-stimulated inflammatory injury in human colonic epithelial cellsFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Endothelial activation in thromboangiitis obliterans: mechanisms and therapeutic horizons.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Umbrella review of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in preclinical models: therapeutic efficacy across diverse conditions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundErectile dysfunction (ED), a prevalent male sexual disorder, severely impacts quality of life. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), natural nanoparticles (30-200 nm) secreted by stem cells, represent a novel nanomedicine platform for ED treatment due to their ability to encapsulate bioactive cargo (e.g., miRNAs, proteins) and target damaged tissues. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SC-EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for multiple diseases. This meta-analysis evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of SC-EVs in rat ED models and explores their translational potential.
methodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for studies published up to December 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing EVs in ED treatment were included. A random-effects model was applied to account for between-study heterogeneity, with standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated for continuous outcomes.
resultsTwenty studies involving 324 rats were included. EVs significantly improved erectile function (SMD = 4.19, 95% CI: 3.31-5.08, P < 0.00001). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant differences between EV sources (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] vs. adipose-derived stem cells [ADSCs], P > 0.05) or disease models (diabetes mellitus [DM] vs. cavernous nerve injury [CNI], P > 0.05). EVs upregulated the expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms (nNOS and eNOS), increased smooth muscle content (α-SMA), and improved smooth muscle-to-collagen ratios (P < 0.00001 for all). Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger's test (P < 0.05) indicated publication bias, but trim-and-fill analysis confirmed robust results post-adjustment.
conclusionSC-EVs demonstrate significant therapeutic potential for ED in rat models, particularly in restoring vascular and neural integrity. However, limitations include small sample sizes and short follow-up periods. Future research should prioritize clinical translation, mechanistic exploration, and standardized EV production protocols.
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