ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025
Assessing the antenatal care-seeking determinants associated with the penetration of the WHO eight-visit antenatal care policy across states in Nigeria.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFollowing the adoption and implementation of the 2016 WHO eight-visit antenatal care (8vANC) policy in Nigeria, a national cross-sectional survey conducted in 2021 indicated significant state-level differences in the utilization rates of 8vANC.
methodsWe used a post-implementation sample, n = 9,416, obtained from the Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2021 data to perform secondary analyses using the theory, model, and framework (TMF) implementation research approach. The outcome was defined as the penetration of the WHO 8vANC policy and measured as the proportion of women who used a minimum of 8vANC out of the total number of women who had live births within two years before the survey in 2021. We used multilevel modeling mixed effects logistic regression for the statistical analyses because of its ability to examine contextual effects in cross-sectional data.
resultsThe results revealed that the residual variation in state-level 8vANC utilization--after accounting for the explanatory variables-attributable to between-state differences went from 46% in the unadjusted model to11% in the final adjusted model. The findings indicated that women in Southern states had the highest odds of 8vANC utilization. We also found that women who self-reported their perception of life satisfaction as 'very happy' (OR: 1.81, 95% C.I: 1.25-2.63, p = 0.002), and 'somewhat happy' (OR: 1.63, 95% C.I: 1.14-2.40, p = 0.012) had the highest odds of 8vANC utilization across states. Conversely, the perception of wife beating justified 'if she goes out without telling husband' had low odds (OR: 0.77, 95% C.I: 0.61-0.97, p = 0.032) on the penetration of the WHO 8vANC policy across states.
conclusionA greater proportion of the observed differences in 8vANC penetration occurred among women nested within states than between states. Our findings support the need for a revised policy that promotes the integration of routine prenatal mental health screening into the current ANC model. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.