MRI Radiomics based on paraspinal muscle for prediction postoperative outcomes in lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis.

objectThis study aims to develop an paraspinal muscle-based radiomics model using a machine learning approach and assess its utility in predicting postoperative outcomes among patients with lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (LDS).

methodsThis retrospective study included a total of 155 patients diagnosed with LDS who underwent single-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery between January 2021 and October 2023. The patients were divided into train and test cohorts in a ratio of 8:2.Radiomics features were extracted from axial T2-weighted lumbar MRI, and seven machine learning models were developed after selecting the most relevant radiomic features using T-test, Pearson correlation, and Lasso. A combined model was then created by integrating both clinical and radiomics features. The performance of the models was evaluated through ROC, sensitivity, and specificity, while their clinical utility was assessed using AUC and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA).

resultsThe LR model demonstrated robust predictive performance compared to the other machine learning models evaluated in the study. The combined model, integrating both clinical and radiomic features, exhibited an AUC of 0.822 (95% CI, 0.761-0.883) in the training cohorts and 0.826 (95% CI, 0.766-0.886) in the test cohorts, indicating substantial predictive capability. Moreover, the combined model showed superior clinical benefit and increased classification accuracy when compared to the radiomics model alone.

conclusionThe findings suggest that the combined model holds promise for accurately predicting postoperative outcomes in patients with LDS and could be valuable in guiding treatment strategies and assisting clinicians in making informed clinical decisions for LDS patients.