Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40455219›Full record

Observational studyAbdominal radiology (New York)2025

The impact of gallbladder motility in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a prospective observational study.

Ashish Verma, Ishan Kumar, Anisha Kumari, Uma Pandey, Pramod Kumar Singh

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Abdominal radiology (New York), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ashish VermaDepartment of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. averma@bhu.ac.in.
Ishan KumarDepartment of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. ishan.imsrd@bhu.ac.in.
Anisha KumariDepartment of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Uma PandeyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Pramod Kumar SinghDepartment of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIntrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder that occurs during pregnancy, typically in the third trimester, and is associated with adverse fetal outcomes. Despite being well-recognized, the exact pathogenesis of ICP remains incompletely understood, with impaired hepatobiliary function hypothesized to play a significant role in its development. PURPOSE: The study aims to evaluate the relationship between altered gallbladder motility and hepatobiliary dysfunction in pregnancies complicated by ICP. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis was a prospective hospital-based study involving 90 participants: 30 non-pregnant controls and 60 pregnant women (30 with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), and 30 pregnant controls). The cholestasis group was further subdivided into an icteric group (elevated serum bilirubin levels) and an anicteric group (abnormal liver function tests but normal bilirubin levels). Gallbladder volume (GBV) was initially measured after an overnight fast (12-14 h). Following a standardized meal (75 g of bread and butter or 100 g of groundnut), GBV and ejection fraction were re-measured at multiple postprandial time points (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 min).

resultsThe study enrolled 60 pregnant women in their third trimester (gestational weeks 28-40) and 30 non-pregnant controls. Among the pregnant women, 30 were diagnosed with ICP, which was further divided into an icteric group (n = 6) and an anicteric group (n = 24). The ICP group demonstrated consistently higher GB volumes and lower ejection fraction (EF) compared to non-pregnant and pregnant controls, with statistically significant differences across all time intervals. Within the ICP patients, the icteric group consistently exhibited higher GB volumes and lower EF values compared to anicteric group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the best post-prandial 15-min GB ejection fraction cutoff for predicting ICP was 53% and postprandial 15-min GB volume cutoff for predicting ICP was 9.5 ml,

conclusionImpaired gallbladder motility, characterized by increased GB volume and decreased EF, is a key feature of obstetric cholestasis. Gallbladder ultrasound measurements, particularly postprandial GB volume and EF, can serve as useful diagnostic tools for distinguishing between cholestasis of pregnancy and healthy pregnancies, with high sensitivity and specificity for identifying ICP in late pregnancy.

Indexed as

Cholestasis, IntrahepaticGallbladderPregnancy ComplicationsAdultCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansPregnancyProspective StudiesUltrasonographyCholestasisGallbladder motilityIntrahepaticPregnancy complicationsUltrasonography

Identifiers

PMID40455219

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.