Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40455143›Full record

ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2025

Improving the performance of HPLC-MS using radial flow splitting columns: the analysis of caffeine in energy drinks.

Stephen Copsey, Brandon Menacho, Leen Rafoo, Christopher E Karlsen, Jake A Cravino, Arianne Soliven, Feng Li, R Andrew Shalliker, Peter J Mahon

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stephen CopseySchool of Science, Computing and Emerging Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
Brandon MenachoSchool of Science, Computing and Emerging Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
Leen RafooSchool of Science, Computing and Emerging Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
Christopher E KarlsenSchool of Science, Western Sydney University, North Parramatta, NSW, Australia.
Jake A CravinoSchool of Science, Western Sydney University, North Parramatta, NSW, Australia.
Arianne SolivenSchool of Science, Western Sydney University, North Parramatta, NSW, Australia.
Feng LiSchool of Science, Western Sydney University, North Parramatta, NSW, Australia.
R Andrew ShallikerSchool of Science, Western Sydney University, North Parramatta, NSW, Australia.
Peter J MahonSchool of Science, Computing and Emerging Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia. pmahon@swin.edu.au.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The management of the mobile phase at the interface between high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) has always been important. Due to the necessity to operate the MS under a state of high vacuum, the removal of the mobile phase from the HPLC has always presented as a problem. Hence, the chromatographic separation is limited in flow rate by the capacity of the MS to remove the subsequent mobile phase vapor prior to solute transport to the detection source. Although the efficiency of solvent removal at the interface between HPLC and MS has improved over the decades, there is an increasing requirement for HPLC columns to operate at higher linear flow velocities. If this is to be done without the use of narrow bore or capillary columns, this necessitates the use of higher volumetric flow rates. It is this disparity that continues to make the marriage between HPLC and MS problematic. Herein, we have tested the performance of HPLC with MS detection by incorporating recently developed radial flow stream (RFS) splitting end fittings to standard HPLC columns. These RFS end fittings enable the total flow of the mobile phase to be split so that only the central portion is directed to the MS, which actually increases the efficiency in the separation step due to the flow profile in the column. In essence, the incorporation of the RFS end fittings enabled a threefold increase in analytical throughput compared to standard HPLC columns without any loss in quantitative metrics, and other key findings are also presented.

Indexed as

CaffeineEnergy DrinksMass SpectrometryChromatography, High Pressure LiquidLiquid Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryCaffeineCaffeineEnergy drinksLiquid chromatographyMass spectrometryRadial flow splittingThroughput

Identifiers

PMID40455143
PMCPMC12227357

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.