ArticleAddiction biology2025
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Opioid Dependence: Evidence of Neuroimmune Activation and Ion Composition Changes, Without Alteration in Orexin-A.
Article in Addiction biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Opioid abuse is a severe global health challenge, leading to rising morbidity, mortality, and increasing societal costs. The aim of this study was to investigate neuroinflammation, neuronal damage and potential changes in the orexin system or beta-amyloid metabolism in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of individuals undergoing opioid substitution therapy (OST). This cross-sectional study investigates CSF biomarkers in individuals undergoing OST, compared to control subjects. Participants receiving OST were recruited from the outpatient clinic at the Department of Psychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg (Sweden). Each participant provided a complete medical history, including details of drug use over the past 6 months, followed by a lumbar puncture to obtain CSF samples. Molecules associated with neuroinflammation, neuronal and glial damage, beta-amyloid metabolism and orexinergic function were analysed in the participants' CSF, alongside electrolyte levels. Specifically, we analysed levels of sTREM-2, YKL-40, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, AXL, MER, TYRO3, GAS6, NfL, GFAP, total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), neurogranin, Aβ40, Aβ42, the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, orexin-A, sPDGFR-β and electrolytes. The study included 15 control subjects and 17 in the opioid substitution group. Patients undergoing opioid substitution therapy exhibited elevated levels of sTREM-2, Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio and NfL in their CSF. Conversely, concentrations of Na
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