ArticleOpen veterinary journal2025
Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep.
Article in Open veterinary journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Lumbosacral epidural administration of 4% articaine with epinephrine in dromedary camels (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Lumbosacral epidural analgesia is one of the most important techniques for sheep anesthesia and is frequently used for surgery in caudal body regions. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive, locomotor, and sedative effects of lumbosacral epidural injection of bupivacaine alone or in conjunction with dexmedetomidine in sheep. Methods: Nine clinically healthy mixed-breed sheep were used. Each sheep received either bupivacaine (BUP) alone or bupivacaine in combination with dexmedetomidine (BUP-DEX). The heart rate, heart rhythm, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were monitored. Anesthetic onset, recumbency duration, and unassisted standing time were recorded. Analgesic, sedative, and locomotor scores were assessed using established numeric scales. Results: Analgesia onset was noted after 6.50 ± 2.75 minutes in the BUP group and after 4.33 ± 0.67 minutes in the BUP-DEX group. Sheep showed a tendency for recumbency in the BUP group at 3.33 ± 1.28 minutes after epidural injection and at 3.00 ± 0.68 minutes after epidural injection in the BUP-DEX group. Animals tended to stand earlier in the BUP group (199.83 ± 23.55 minutes) than in the BUP-DEX group (496.00 ± 82.97 minutes) ( Conclusion: Briefly using of bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine mixture for epidural anesthesia is an important technique in sheep subjected to long-term surgical operations in the tail, perineal, inguinal, hind limb, flank, and umbilical regions with sufficient sedation, long-term recumbency, and minimal side effects.
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