Comparing the Effect of 0.75% Ropivacaine and 2% Lidocaine on Intraoperative Bleeding and Postoperative Pain of Third Molar Surgery: A Double Blinded, Split Mouth Study.

Background: We aimed to compare the effect of 0.75% ropivacaine and 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine on intraoperative bleeding and postoperative pain following mandibular third molar surgery. Methods: In this split-mouth clinical trial, 60 patients required bilateral impacted third molar of the mandible were prepared for operation in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of Mashhad Dental Faculty, Mashhad, Iran. Surgery was performed randomly on one side using ropivacaine and on the other side with lidocaine with epinephrine. The intraoperative bleeding, the postoperative pain (at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after the operation), and the difficulty of the surgery were measured in each group and compared. Results: In all postoperative time intervals, the pain was lower in the ropivacaine group than in the lidocaine group. The rate of intraoperative bleeding in the ropivacaine group was lower than in the lidocaine group. In the lidocaine group, pain initially increased and reached its maximum value after three hours, but decreased after the sixth hour and reached its minimum value 24 hours after surgery. In the ropivacaine group, the pain increased initially and was at its peak at 3 and 6 hours, after which it decreased and reached its lowest value at 24 hours. Conclusion: Postoperative pain was less in the 0.75% ropivacaine group than in the 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine group during all postoperative periods. Also, the amount of bleeding during the operation was less in the ropivacaine group.