ArticlePeerJ2025
Epidemiology and resistant profile of bacterial pathogens in a tertiary health care hospital, Medan City: a retrospective study.
Article in PeerJ, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background: The epidemiology study of bacterial isolates and their resistance patterns in clinical settings is essential due to the rising threat of antibiotic resistance, which complicates treatment options. Understanding these patterns enables healthcare providers to tailor antibiotic therapies effectively, ensuring better patient outcomes and mitigating the spread of resistant strains. This study aims to analyze the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of microbes recovered from blood, wound, sputum, and urine specimens in a tertiary healthcare hospital. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we analyzed the clinical microbiology laboratory data of patients of all age groups from January 2022 to December 2023. Microbial isolates were identified using the commercial system bioMérieux-Vitek 2. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted using the Vitek 2 automated susceptibility system and disk diffusion methods, following the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: A total of 1,190 (47.58%) microbial isolates were recovered from 2,501 clinical specimens, consisting of 98/714 (13.73%), 454/655 (69.32%), 394/545 (72.29%), and 244/587 (41.57%) from blood, wound, sputum, and urine, respectively. Conclusions: A periodical update of the epidemiological profile of microbial isolates in hospital settings presented in this study is crucial for updating the empirical antibiotics and developing the prevention and infection control program.
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