Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40452317›Full record

ArticleAnnals of African medicine2026

Exploring Artificial Intelligence Integration in Indian Pharmacology: A Survey on Scope, Threats, and Challenges.

Chaitali A Chindhalore, Bhagyashree Mohod, Snehalata Gajbhiye, Ganesh Natthuji Dakhale, Sanjay Dhal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of African medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chaitali A ChindhaloreDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Bhagyashree MohodDepartment of Medical Affairs, Alkem Laboratories LTD, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Snehalata GajbhiyeDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Ganesh Natthuji DakhaleDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Sanjay DhalDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is transforming pharmacology by enhancing drug discovery, clinical trials, pharmacovigilance, and medical education. However, concerns about data security, job displacement, and ethical implications hinder its widespread adoption. This study assesses the perception of AI's scope, threats, challenges, and acceptance among pharmacologists in India. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted among pharmacologists working in academia and the pharmaceutical industry in India between February 2024 and January 2025. A validated self-administered questionnaire was distributed through online platforms, collecting responses on AI awareness, perceived threats, benefits, challenges, and use. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test.

resultsA total of 104 pharmacologists participated, with 64 from academia and 40 from the industry. While 68.26% were familiar with AI tools, industry professionals (82.5%) exhibited higher awareness than academicians (59.37%, P = 0.017). Most respondents recognized AI's significant role in drug discovery (77%), pharmacovigilance (73.07%), and clinical trials (69.23%). Major concerns included job displacement (62.5%), skill loss (63.46%), and algorithmic biases (64.42%). 33.65% pharmacologists never used AI-based tools in their professional careers. This number is significantly higher among academicians as compared to pharma people ( P = 0.03). Limited access to AI tools, expertise, and training (79.8%) and lack of standardized data format/interoperability issues (66.34%) were key barriers to adoption.

conclusionAI is perceived as a valuable tool in pharmacology, but challenges such as skill gaps, ethical concerns, and infrastructural limitations hinder its adoption. Addressing these barriers through targeted training, regulatory frameworks, and interdisciplinary collaborations will be crucial for AI's seamless integration into the Indian pharmacology sector.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceDrug DiscoveryPharmacologyAdultCross-Sectional StudiesDrug IndustryFemaleHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedPharmacovigilanceSurveys and QuestionnairesArtificial intelligencechallengesclinical trialsdécouverte de médicamentsdéfisdrug discoveryessais cliniquesIntelligence artificielleperceptionpharmacologiepharmacologypharmacovigilance

Identifiers

PMID40452317
PMCPMC12872159

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.